Exam 14: HIV/AIDS Key Terms
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| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | the end stage of HIV infection in which the infected person has a CD4 count of 200 cell/mm3 or fewer.
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| Adherence | following a prescribed regimen of therapy
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| CD4+Lymphocyte | a type of white blood cell; a protein on the surface of cells that normally helps the body’s immune system combat disease.
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| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | A division of the U.S. Public Health Service in Atlanta, Georgia, that investigates and controls various diseases especially those that have epidemic potential.
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| Enzyme-linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) | a rapid enzyme immunochemical assay method to detect certain bacterial antigens and antibodies.
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| HIV disease | the state, in which HIV enters the body under favorable conditions and multiplies, producing injurious effects.
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| HIV infection | encompasses the immune system progressive dysfunction that is produced within the host
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| Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | a retrovirus that causes HIV infection and HIV disease.
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| Kaposi's sarcoma | a rare cancer of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by blue red or purple raised lesions.
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| Opportunistic infection | caused by normally nonpathogenic organisms in a host whose resistance has been decreased by such disorders as HIV illness.
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| Phagocyte | cell that ingests and digests of bacteria.
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| Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly carinii) Pneumonia (PCP) | an unusual pulmonary disease caused by a fungus and primarily associated with people who have suppressed immune systems.
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| Retrovirus | a virus that carries its genetic material in RNA rather than DNA, and it replicates by converting RNA into DNA.
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| Seroconversion | a change in serologic test results from negative to positive as antibodies develop in reaction to an infection.
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| Seronegative | the state of lacking HIV antibodies as confirmed by blood test.
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| Vertical transmission | transmission from a mother to a fetus that can occur during pregnancy, delivery or through postpartum breastfeeding.
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| Viral Load | amount of measurable HIV virions in the blood.
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| Virulent | toxic.
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| Western Blot | technique for analyzing small amounts of antibodies.
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