Protozoal and Multicellular Parasite Diseases of GI Tract
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Amoebiasis | amoebic disease--motility via pseudopods--transmission fecally contaminated water or food--ulcers, bloody stools, little diarrhea--can invade bloodstream and travel to organs like lung or liver--higher in areas of poor sanitation and male homosexuals
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| Balantidiases | motility by cilia, large 70x100 microns--single-celled protozoan--balantidium coli--only human disease caused by ciliates--undercooked food--cysts pass through stomach and trophozoites cause ulceration in intestines--nausea, diarrhea, weight loss
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| Cryptosporidiosis | protozoan--watery diarrhea, nonmotile, small oocysts infectious form (10 microns), common in dogs, cattle, and pigs--Cryptosporidium parvum--fecal-oral transmission and day care centers
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| Definitive host | fluke--adult (sexually mature) form
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| Flukes | flat, leaf-shaped, single-celled parasites--complex life cycles--egg stages and larval forms--attach to hosts by suckers--2 hosts as part of life cycle
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| Giardiasis | protazoan--motility via flagella--most common infectious in the US--Giardia lamblia--contaminate water--cysts develop into flagellated trophozoites in intestine attach to intestinal villi--smiley faces--cramps, nausea, diarrhea, odiferous flatulence
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| Helminths | flatworms--platyhelminths--roundworms---aschelminths or nematodes--most produce eggs or larvae that pass out of host's body--small single-celled flukes to tapeworms may be 25ft--can cause disease
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| Hookworm | parasite--roundworm--larvae have hooks that attach to bare feet--Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus--attach to intestines cause anemia by sucking blood--attach to bare feet, penetrate into bloodstream, go to lungs, coughed up and swallowed
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| Intermediate host | larval form of fluke grows here
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| Miracidia | schistosomiasis eggs hatch into motile forms--swim up till find propper type of snail to be entermidiate host
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| Pinworm | parasite--roundworm, body mascular (like common garden worms)--Enterobium vermicularis--most prevelent helminth in children--adult females living in colon migrate to anus and lay eggs in perianal folds-puritis develops--itching and diarrhea--tape removes
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| Proglottid | each segment of a tapeworm--essentiallly a uterus--new ones form behind scolex and produce eggs--further from head and large ones break away, spread thousands of eggs
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| schistosomiasis | parasite--motility via powerful tails called cercaria--each fluke infects/develops in fluke-specific snail before infecting humans--human definitive host--schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, S haematobium
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| Scolex | the head of a scolex--has hook or sucker for attachment to infected tissue--many individual segments attached to it
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| Swimmer's itch | cercaria of other species whose normal definitive host is bird or other animal infect humans stay at the site of infection causes dermatitis
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| Trichinosis | parasite--roundworm--forms cysts in brain/muscles of host--painful and damaging--Trichinella spiralis--nausea, avd pain, vomiting, constipation
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| Whipworm | parasite--whip-like structure--muscular roundworm--Trichuris trichiura--long slender shape--attaches to junction of small and large intestines--damages surrounding tissue by whipping movements
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