molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface
cementation
sedimentary rock forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rack and soil
metamorphic rock
forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition or both
compaction
process that forms sedimentart rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the laers above them
nonfolliated
describes metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble whose mineral grains grow and rearrnage but generally do not form laters
extrusive
describes fine grained igneous rock that forms when magma quickly cools at or near Earths surface
rock
mixture of one or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials; can be igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary
foliated
describes metamorphic rock such as slate and gniess, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers
rock cycle
model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time
granitic
describes generally light-colored, silica rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock
basaltic
describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica
sediment
loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains or once-living plants and animals that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity
igneous rock
rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens
sedimentary rock
forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions
intrusive
describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large amounts of crystals and cools slowly beneath Earths
