muscle note cards
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| 4 characteristics of muscles | Contracility, Excitability, Extensibility, elasticity
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| ability of muscle to shorten with force | contractility
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| capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus | excitability
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| ability to be stretched | extensibility
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| abililty to recoil to their original resting length after being stretched | elasticity
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| muscle helps to produce | heat
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| muscles help regulate and keep a normal? | body temoperature
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| skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | epimysium
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| connective tissue outside the epimysium | fascia
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| a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called | fascicle
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| fascicles are surrounded by a connective tissue called | perimysium
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| fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called | fibers
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| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium
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| the cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrilis
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| a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils
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| 2 types of myofibril protein fibers | actin myofilaments, myosin myofilaments
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| thin myofilaments that resemble pearls twisted together | actin myofilaments
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| thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin myofilaments
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| actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres
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| basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere
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| the charge difference across the membrane is called | resting membrane potential
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| the brief reversal back of the charge is called | action potential
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| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers are | motor neurons
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| each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | neuromuscular junction or synapse
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| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | motor units
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| an enlarged nerve terminal is called | presynaptic terminal
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| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is | presynaptic cleft
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| the muscle fiber after the synaptic cleft is | postsynaptic terminal
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| each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles
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| the neurotransmitter is | acetycholine
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| the acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is broken down by enzymes called | acetylcholinesterase
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| when does muscle contraction occur? | when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing sarcomeres to shorten
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| the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called | sliding filament mechanism
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| a cintraction of an entire muscle in repsonse to a stimulus | muscle twitch
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| the point at which the muscle fiber will contract maximally | threshold
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| the phenomenon which deals with the muscles full contraction is | all or none response
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| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is called | lag phase
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| 4 characteristics of muscles | Contracility, Excitability, Extensibility, elasticity
🗑
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| ability of muscle to shorten with force | contractility
🗑
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| capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus | excitability
🗑
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| ability to be stretched | extensibility
🗑
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| abililty to recoil to their original resting length after being stretched | elasticity
🗑
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| muscle helps to produce | heat
🗑
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| muscles help regulate and keep a normal? | body temoperature
🗑
|
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| skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | epimysium
🗑
|
||||
| connective tissue outside the epimysium | fascia
🗑
|
||||
| a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called | fascicle
🗑
|
||||
| fascicles are surrounded by a connective tissue called | perimysium
🗑
|
||||
| fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called | fibers
🗑
|
||||
| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium
🗑
|
||||
| the cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrilis
🗑
|
||||
| a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils
🗑
|
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| 2 types of myofibril protein fibers | actin myofilaments, myosin myofilaments
🗑
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| thin myofilaments that resemble pearls twisted together | actin myofilaments
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| thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin myofilaments
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| actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres
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| basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere
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| the charge difference across the membrane is called | resting membrane potential
🗑
|
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| the brief reversal back of the charge is called | action potential
🗑
|
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| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers are | motor neurons
🗑
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| each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | neuromuscular junction or synapse
🗑
|
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| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | motor units
🗑
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| an enlarged nerve terminal is called | presynaptic terminal
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| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is | presynaptic cleft
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| the muscle fiber after the synaptic cleft is | postsynaptic terminal
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| each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles
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| the neurotransmitter is | acetycholine
🗑
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| the acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is broken down by enzymes called | acetylcholinesterase
🗑
|
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| when does muscle contraction occur? | when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing sarcomeres to shorten
🗑
|
||||
| the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called | sliding filament mechanism
🗑
|
||||
| a cintraction of an entire muscle in repsonse to a stimulus | muscle twitch
🗑
|
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| the point at which the muscle fiber will contract maximally | threshold
🗑
|
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| the phenomenon which deals with the muscles full contraction is | all or none response
🗑
|
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| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is called | lag phase
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| the time of contraction is the | contraction phase
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| the time during which muscle relaxes is the | relaxation phase
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| when the muscle remians contracted without relaxing is called | tetany
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| the increase in the number of motor units being activated is | recruitment
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| what is neeeded for energy for muscles to contract? | ATP
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| ATP is produced in the | mitochondria
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| what does ATP stand for? | adenosine triphosphate
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| what does ADP stand for? | adenosine diphosphate
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| wihtout oxygen? | anaerobic respiration
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| with oxygen | aerobic respiration
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| equal distance | isometric
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| equal tension | isotonic
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| constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | muscle tone
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| contract quickly and fatigue quickly | fast twitch fibers
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| contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | slow twitch fibers
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