Anatomy Ch 6 Muscles
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| Name the 4 major functional characteristics of skeletal muscle. | Contractility,Excitability, Extensibility, and Elasticity
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| The connective tissue shealth that surrounds skeletal muscle. | the epimysium
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| another connective tissue that surrounds and seperates muscles. | the fascia
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| the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility
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| the visible bundles that make up muscles | muscle fasciculi (fascicle)
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| loose connective tissue that surrounds the bundles | perimysium
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| muscle cells are called | muscle fibers
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| the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability
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| the connective tissue sheath surrounding each fiber is called | the endomysium
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| the ability of muscle to recoil to it's original resting length | elasticity
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| a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils
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| the 2 major kinds of protein fibers found in these threadlike structures are | actin myofilaments and myosin myofilaments
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| highly ordered units of these protein fibers | sarcomeres
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| the ability of muscle to be stretched | extensibility
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| resting membrane potential is | the charge difference across the membrane
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| action potential is | the brief reversal back of charge
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| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers are | motor neurons
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| another name for a neuromuscular junction is | a synapse
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| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | a motor unit
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| what does aceylcholine do | it is a neurotransimitter
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| what is the space between the presynartic terminal and the muscle cell called | the synaptic cleft
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| what is the presynaptic terminal | the enlarged nerve terminal
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| what is the postsynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber
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| what is the purpose of the sliding filament mechanism | allows muscles to contract
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| the contraction of the entire muscle in response to a stimulus is | muscle twitch
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| the level the stimulus must reach for a muscle fiber to react is | threshold
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| when the muscle contracts maximally | all-or-none response
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| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron is called | the lag phase
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| the tim of contraction is the | contraction phase
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| time during which the muscle relaxs is called | the relaxtion phase
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| muscles remain contracted without relaxing is | tetnany
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| the increase in number of motor units being activated is | recruitment
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| ATP stands for | adenosine triphosphate
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| where is ATP produced | in the mitochondria of the cell
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| what does ADP stand for | adenosine diphosphate
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| what is creatine phosphate | a high-energy molecule
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| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen
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| aerobic respiration | with oxygen(more efficent)
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| what is oxygen debit | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions
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| what causes muscle fatigue | ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells
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| what does isometric mean | the length of the muscle stays the same but the tension changes
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| what is muscle tone | the constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time
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| describe fast-twitch fibers | they contract quickly and fatique quickly
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| describe slow-twiwch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatique
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| what is the origin of the muscle | the most starionary end of the muscle
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| what is the insertion of the muscle | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement
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| what is the section of the muscle between the origin and the insertion called | the belly
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| muscles that work together are called | synergists
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| muscles that work opposing each other are called | antagonists
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| the muscle that plays thr major role in the movementis called the | prime mover
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| the occipitofrontalis is responsible for | raising the eyebrows
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| the obicularis oculi is responsible for | opening and closeing the eyelids
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| What are the two "kissing muscles" called | the orbicularis oris and the buccinator
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| what muscle is responsible for puckering the lips | the orbicularis oris
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| what muscle flatens the cheeks | the buccinator
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| another name for the"kissing muscles" | the " trumpeter muscles"
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| what muscle makes you smile | the zygomaticus
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| what muscle makes you sneer | the levator labii superioris
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| what does the depresser anguli oris do | make you frown
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| the lateral neck muscle | sternocleidomastoid
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| what does the platysma do | pull the corners of the mouth down
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| chewing | mastication
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| extrinsic tongue muscle do what | control tongue movement
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| interinsic tongue muscles do what | control tongue shape
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| where are the erector spinae located | on either sid eof the vertebral column
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| wha does the erector spinae do | provide good posture
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| where are the intercostals located | between the ribs
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| external intercostals are for | inspiration
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| internal intercostals are for | experation
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| what is the diaphram responible for | quiet breathing
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| what is the diaphram | a dome shaped muscle
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| what is the liea alba | a white line of connective tissue that extends from the sternum to the pubis
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| what do the external obliques responible for | helping compress abdominal contents
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| what are tendonous inscriptions | tendonous tissue that crosses the rectus abdominis
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| what gives the rectus abdominous it's segmented look | the tendonous inscriptions
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