Test 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Define Microorganism | too small to be seen with the unaided eye
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| Define Germ | rapidly growing cell
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| Carolus Linnaeus | Est. binomial nomenclature
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| Types of microorganism | Bacteria,archaea,fungi,protozoa,algae,multicellualr animal parasites, viruses
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| Bacteria | Prokaryotes- unicellular
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| Bacterial shapes | Bacillus,coccus,spiral,stella
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| bacterial cell wall | peptidoglycan
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| Archaea | Prokaryotes- non pathogenic
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| archaea wall | may or may not have a cell wall- no peptidoglycan
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| main archaea groups | methanogen,halophiles,thermophiles
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| Fungi | Eukaryotes
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| fungi groups | yeast (uni), mold, mushroom (multi)
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| Fungi cell wall | CHITIN
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| Protozoa | Eukaryotes- unicellular
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| Protozoa Moves | by pseudopods,flagella, or cilia
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| Algae | Eukaryotes- uni/multicellular
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| Algae Cell wall | Cellulose
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| Helminths | Eukaryotes- multicellular
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| Viruses | Acellular
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| Characteristics of Viruses | so small need an electron microscope to view, simple,core contain DNA or RNA
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| Virus Core | surrounded by protein coat
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| Virus protein coat | may be encased by an additional layer "envelope"
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| Carl Woese | devised the 3 domains
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| Domain System | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
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| Robert Hooke | reported things were composed of boxes or cells. Marked beginning of cell theory
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| Rudolf Virchow | Cells arise from preexisting cells "biogenesis"
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| Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek | 1st to observe live microorganisms "animalcules"
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| Spontaneous Generation (abiogenesis) | form of life could arise spontaneously from non living matter.
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| Biogenesis | Living organisms arise from preexisting life
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| Francisco Redi | BG- maggots do not arise from decaying meat
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| John Needham | SG- uses nutrient broth poured into a covered flask = microbes
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| Spallanzani | BG- challenged Needham
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| Pasteur | BG- microbes can be present in non living matter, can be destroyed by heat, aseptic techniques can be used
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| Bassi | proved silkworm disease was caused by fungus
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| Semmelweis | demonstrated that hand washing prevented disease
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| Lister | Knew phenol killed bacteria
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| Koch | discovered the cause of anthrax- 1st to prove bacteria caused infections
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| Koch's postualtes | sequence of experimental steps to relate a specific microbe to a specific disease.
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| Ed Jenner | figured out that if you had cow pox you can't get small pox
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| Modern Chemotherapy | treatment of disease w/ chemicals
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| Snythetic drugs | Man-Made in a lab
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| antibiotics | prepared naturally by bacteria & fungi
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| P. Ehrlich | Magic bullet- hunt down and destroy pathogen w/o harming host.
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| 1st synthetic drug | salvarsan (salva(salvation) + arsen(arsenic)
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| Salvarsan | used to treat syphyilis
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| Fleming | mold contamination- named it penicillin
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| Heidi Schulz | studied bacteriology -discovered T. namibiensis
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| T. namibiensis | visible with unaided eye, consumes hydrogen sulfide
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| Iwanowski | studied virology- reported a disease caused by tobacco
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| Rebecca Lancefield | studied immunology- proposed serotyping for streptococci
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| Interferons | protein released by animal cells, usually in reponse to the entry of a virus that has the property of inhibiting virus replication.
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| Paul Berg | recombinant DNA
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| Recombinant DNA | DNA made from 2 different sources
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| Emerging Infectious Diseases | caused by prions, bacteria, protozoa, fungi,viruses
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| West nile encephalitis | inflammation of brain (Uganda)
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| Ebola | Fatal, natural reservoir unknown, (Ebola River)
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| Hantavirus | Caused by virus called sin sombre, fatal, contagious, (Hantaan rover)
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| AIDs | caused by HIV, destroys CD4 cells
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| Cryptosporidiosis | Eukaryote, causes diarrhea, (wisconsin)
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| Bovine Spongiform | Mad cow disease- caused by PRION (infectious protein)
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| CJD | human type fo mad cow diease
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| E.Coli O157:H7 | could be fatal, produces bloody diarrhea
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| MRSA | penicillin resistant Staph aureus
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
nani012506
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