DCMedTermCh2
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| anabolism | process of building up complex materials(proteins) from simple materials
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| catabolism | process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to form simpler substances and release energy
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| cell membrane | structure surrounding and protecting the cell
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| chromosomes | rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes, 46 chromosomes
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| cytoplasm | all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane
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| DNA | chemical found within each chromosome
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| endoplasmic reticulum | structure(canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in which large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces. Anabolism takes place on the ribosomes of the endoplasmic reticulum
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| genes | regions of DNA within each chromosome
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| karyotype | picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
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| metabolism | the total of the cemical process in a cell, includes catabolism and anabolism
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| mitochondria | structure in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy
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| nucleus | control center of the cell
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| adipose tissue | collection of fat cells
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| cartilage | flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints
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| epithelial cells | skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs
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| histologist | specialist in the study of tissues
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| larynx | voice box, located at the upper part of the trachea
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| pharynx | throat, passageway for food and air
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| pituitary gland | endocrine gland at the base of the brain
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| thyroid gland | endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
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| trachea | windpipe, leads from throat to the bronchial tubes
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| ureter | one of two tubes leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder
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| urethra | ture from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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| uterus | the womb
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| viscera | internal organs
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| abdominal cavity | space belove the cest that contains organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines
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| cranial cavity | space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skill
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| diaphragm | muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
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| dorsal (posterior) | pertaining to the back
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| mediastinum | centrally located space between the lungs
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| pelvic cavity | space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary, bladder, and reproductive organs
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| peritoneum | double-layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
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| pleura | double-layered membrane surrounding each lung
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| pleural cavity | space between the pleural membranes
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| spinal cavity | space within the spinal column (backbones) and containing the spinal cord
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| thoracic cavity | space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
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| ventral (anterior) | pertianing to the front
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| hypochondriac | right and left upper regions beneath the ribs
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| epigastric | middle upper region above the stomach
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| lumbar | right and left middle regions near the waist
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| umbilical | central region near the navel
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| inguinal | right and left lower regions near the groin, also known as iliac regions
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| hypogastric | middle lower region below the umbilical region
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| cervical | neck region (C1 to C7)
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| thoracic | chest region (T1 to T12)
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| lumbar | loin (waist) region (L1 to L5)
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| sacral | region of the sacrum (S1 to S5)
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| coccygeal | region of the coccyx (tailbone)
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| vertebra | single backbone
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| vertebrae | backbones
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| spinal column | bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
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| spinal cord | nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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| disk (disc) | pad of cartilage between vertebrae
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| anterior (ventral) | front surface of the body
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| deep | away from the surface
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| distal | far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure
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| frontal (coronal) plane | vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
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| inferior (caudal) | below another structure, pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body
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| lateral | pertaining to the side
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| medial | pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body
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| posterior (dorsal) | back surface of the body
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| prone | lying on the belly (face down, palms down)
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| proximal | near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
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| sagittal (lateral) plane | lenghtwise, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides
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| superficial | on the surface
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| superior (cephalic) | above another structure, pertaining to the head
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| supine | lying on the back (face up, palms up)
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| transverse (cross-sectional or axial) plane | horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions
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