Psy Ch 2 Dewey
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| hypothesis | a tentative assumption or an educated guess that is often based on some previous research
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| variable | any condition or behavior that can change in amount or in quality
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| independent variable | is controlled and manipulated by the experimenter to determine how it affects the dependent variable
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| dependent variable | this changes in response to the independent variable
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| random | having an equal chance of being selected
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| experimental group | psychologist call the group in which the condition under study is present
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| control group | the group in which the condition is not present
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| theory | a general principle, based on information, to explain what has been learned
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| subject | is the organism, human or animal, participating in an experiment
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| anthropomorphism | attributing human characteristics to nonhuman beings
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| hypnosis | an unusual state of consciousness that has some features in common with sleep
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| parapsychology | is concerned with psychological phenomena that are to the side of, or go beyond, the main area of psychological knowledge and interest
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| prefix "para-" | "to the side of" or "beyond"
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| psychokinesis (PK) | is the study of experiences in which the thought of an individual is said to influence the performance of some physical object or events; one of the areas that particularly interests parapsychologist
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| Extrasensory perception | this investigates experiences in which knowledge appears to be gained independently of the known senses
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| Extrasensory means.... | "outside the senses" or "apart from the senses"
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| Telepathy | defined as the transfer of thought from one person to another without the use of the senses
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| Psychhologist use these various methods when studing behavior | natural observation,
directed observation,
the case study method,
interviews,
questionaires and
testing
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| The most frequent method for studying behavior is... | experimental method
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| This method allows the researchers to control conditions and draw conclusions on the effect of one variable on another | experimental method
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| hypnois has some practical uses such as... | reduces pain,
treat some behavior disorders,
locate lost articles
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| 5 guidelines that researchers keep in mind to study behavior | 1. behavior being studied must be measurable
2. methods and data must be objective
3. procedures must be repeatable
4. must be able to communicate results
5. must use organized and systematic approach in gathering data
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| An experiment usually begin with a ... | hypothesis
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| hypothesis sometimes stated as .... | if...then form
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| hypothesis always states a relationship... | between two or more variables
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| advantages to usings animals as subject are | 1.the beh can be controlled to an extent not possible with humans 2.many have fairly short life span-they reproduce at rapid rates..you can study the beh of several generations within a short period 3.some experiments can be performed onanimals¬onhuman
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| Hypnosis is an unusual state of... | consciousness
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| Hypothesis has some features in common with.. | sleep, the feeling just before you fall asleep or wake up
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| Hypnosis is not the same as sleep because .. | normal sleep is not open to the power of suggestion and you are generally not aware of what is going on around you
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| Hyponosis is very open to ... | suggestion
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| Instruments used in hypnosis are | light, sound, objects
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| the purpose of these instruments are | to give a focus point for attention
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| when no mechanical aid is used then what? | they rely on the spoken word encouraging the subject to consentrate on a specific thought
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| All hyponotic techniques involve the ... | the narrowing of attention so that subjects are aware only of what is being said to them
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| Hypnosis works on most | who are willing and can concentrate, young kids are not good subjects
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| Hynotized people can tell the difference between | suggested and real pain
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| Practical uses of hypnosis are | treating pain, discomfort, chemical anesthetic,
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