absite abx
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| what's the diff antiseptic, disinfectant | antiseptic kills and inhibits organisms on body, disinfectant kills and inhibits on inanimate
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| MOA cephalo | inhibit cell wall synthesis
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| MOA clinda | inhibits protein synthesis (50S ribosome)
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| MOA vanc | inhibit cell wall synthesis
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| MOA tetracycline | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome)
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| MOA aminoglycoside | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome)
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| what's MOA flagyl | O2 radicals break up DNA
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| MOA erythro | inhibits protein synthesis (50S ribosome)
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| MOA linezolid | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome)
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| which Abx act on 50S | clinda, erythro
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| MC method of Abx resistance | txr of plasmids
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| which Abx act on cell wall synthesis | PCN, cephalo, carbapenems/monobactam, vanc
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| what's MOA rifampin | inhib RNA polymerase
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| which Abx act on 30S | tetracycline, aminoglycoside, linezolid
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| what's MOA sulfonamides | PABA analog that inihibits purine synthesis
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| MOA trimethoprim | inhibits purine synthesis
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| MOA carbapenem | inhibit cell wall synthesis
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| mechanism of MRSA resistance | mutations of cell wall binding protein (same for VRE)
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| appropriate peak/troughs for Vanc | peak 20-40, trough 5-10
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| appropriate peak/troughs for Gent | peak 6-10, trough <1
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| what bugs PCN for (5) | Strep incl Strep pyo (nec fasciitis),Syph, N Mening, C Perf, Anthrax
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| what's a name of a monobactam | Aztreonam
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| is PCN effective ag Entero | no (would need amp/amox)
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| how is amp/amox better than PCN | entero cvg
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| Unasyn (amp/sulbactam) and Augmentin (amox/clavulonic) cover what? What not covered? | Staph, Strep, GNR +/-anaer, Entero
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| what are sulbactam and clavulonate | b lactamase inhibitors
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| Zosyn covers | broad spectrum w Staph, Strep, GNR, anaer, PSEUDO, Acinobacter, Serratia
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| SE Zosyn | inhibits plts, high salt load
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| name 1st, 2nd, 3rd gen cephalo | 1: cefazolin (Ancef), cephalexin; 2: cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefurozime; 3: ceftriax, cefepime, cefotaxime
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| which 1st gen cephalo is best ppx? 2nd gen? | Ancef (cefazolin), cefotetan bc longest t 1/2
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| cvg 1st gen cephalo, what doesn't cover | Staph, Strep, doesn't cover Entero and doesn't penetrate CNS
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| cvg 2nd gen, what doesn't cover | Strep, GNR (only community acquired), +/- anaerobe but not PSEUDO, Acinebacter, Serratia or ENTERO
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| SE 2nd gen cephalo related to heart | long QT
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| positive Coombs seen w which cephlo | 1st gen
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| which cephalo covers Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia? | 3rd gen
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| which cephalo covers Entero | none
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| cvg 3rd gen cephalo | mostly GNR +/- anaerobes, not Entero, does cover Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia
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| SE 3rd gen cephalo | cholestatic jaundice and GB sludge w ceftriax
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| cvg of monobactam (Aztreonam) | GNR, incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia
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| names of carbapenems | meropenem, imipenem
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| cvg meropenem, imipenem | broad spectrum for Staph/Strep, GNR, Anaer. NOT MRSA, Entero, Pseudo
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| what does cilastin do for meropenem/imipenem | prevents renal hydrolysis of Rx and increases t 1/2
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| SE carbapenems | sz
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| cvg bactrim | GNR +/- Staph/Strep, NOT Pseudo, Entero, Acinebacter, Serratia
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| SE bactrim | teratogen, allergy (sulfa), renal damage, SJ, hemolysis in G6PD
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| cvg quinolones | Stpah, Strep mostly GNR incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia but NOT ENTERO
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| what % MRSA do quinolones cover, is IV or PO better? | 40%, IV and PO equivalent
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| cvg aminoglycosides | GNR incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia, NOT ANAEROBES or ENTERO
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| cvg macrolides (Erythro, Azithro) | Staph/Strep, atypical PNA bugs
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| use of Erythro/Azithro | CAP and atypical PNA
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| SE Erythro/Azithro | Nausea, cholestasis (IV), binds motilin and helps GI motility
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| how does Erythro help GI motility | binds motilin
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| cvg Vanc | Staph/Strep inc MRSA, Entero, C dif
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| SE Vanc | HTN, Redman syndrome, renal and ototoxicity
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| how tx vanc resistant MRSA | linezolid
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| tx VRE | amox or amp or linezolid
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| tx MRSA | vanc
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| tx Pseudo PNA | zosyn or cefepime/ceftaz; aztreonam if PCN allergy; tobra/gent
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| cvg tetracycline | Staph/Strep, certain intracellul incl Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, Also Vibrio, Lyme, Syph
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| SE tetracycline | tooth discoloration in children
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| what's clinda used for | aspiration PNA, anaerobes above diaphragm, C perfringens
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| SE clinda | Pseudomem colitis
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| use of flagyl | anaerobes below diaphragm
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| SE flagyl | disulfam like rxn, peripheral neuropathy
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| SE amph B | nephrotoxic, F, decrsd K, hypotension, anemia
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| MOA amph B | binds sterols in wall and alters wall permeability
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| what fungal org fluc and ketoconazole doesn't cover | Candida
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| 4 TB Rx and SE | Isoniazid (liver toxic, B6 defic), rifampin (liver toxic, GI sympt), pyrazinamid (liver toxic), ethambutol (retrobulbar neuritis)
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| SE ganciclovir | decrsd BM, CNS toxicity
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| when is periop Abx given | 2hr before incision
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