Geography(Denudation)
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| What is denudation? | The breaking down and removal of the solid and loose rock materials on the earths crust
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| What is weathering? | The breaking down of rocks that are exposed to the earths surface
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| Name the three types of weathering | Mechanical,chemical and biological
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| What is mechanical weathering? | When rocks are broken into smaller pieces
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| Name two causes of mechanical weathering | Frost and sudden temperature changes
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| What is chemical weathering? | When rocks are dissolved because of a chemical change
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| What is biological weathering? | When tree roots or animals widen spaces within the rock or soil
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| What is erosion? | The breaking down of rocks and the transportation of this matrerial
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| What is mechanical weathering? | When rocks are broken into smaller pieces
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| Name two causes of mechanical weathering | Frost and sudden temperature changes
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| What is chemical weathering? | When rocks are dissolved because of a chemical change
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| What is biological weathering? | When tree roots or animals widen spaces within the rock or soil
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| What is erosion? | The breaking down of rocks and the transportation of this matrerial
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| Name two causes of eriosion | Moving water,moving air
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| Complete the word formula,denudation= | Weathering + erosion
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| What is freeze-thaw action? | Mechanical weathering by frost
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| How does freeze-thaw action occur? | \water seeps into cracks and fissure of rocks,at night when the temperature drops to below 0,the water freezes and expands,putting pressure on the rock around it. Over time the temperature changes and eventually the rock crumbles and breaks down
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| What is the formula for carbonic acid? | H2O(water) + CO2(Carbon dioxide) = H2CO3(carbonic acid)
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| What is exfoliation? | An element of mechanical weathering also known as 'onion peeling'
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| What is meant by the term Karst? | Distinctive landforms that develop on rock types(usually limestone)
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| What is carbonation? | Chemical weathering by water
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| Name a karst landscape? | The Burren,Co.Clare
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| How does carbonation occur? | When rainfalls it takes in carbon dioxide and becomes and weak carbonic acid. Limestone contains calcium carbonate .The acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in limestone causing limestone to dissolve slowly through a process called carbonation
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| Where can the impact of carbonation be seen? | The Burren,Co.Clare
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| What is the formula for carbonic acid? | H2O(water) + CO2(Carbon dioxide) = H2CO3(carbonic acid)
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| What is meant by the term Karst? | Distinctive landforms that develop on rock types(usually limestone)
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| What is a clint? | More resistant flat areas of rock between grikes
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| Name a karst landscape? | The Burren,Co.Clare
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| Finish the limestone pavement formula, Limestone pavement= | Clints and grikes
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| What is a limestone pavement? | An open area of limestone
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| What are swallow holes? | Enlargened grikes
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| What is a grike? | Deep fissures or cracks
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| What is a cave? | The result of what happens when a river disappears underground through a swallow hole and the limestone is then dissolved
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| What is a clint? | More resistant flat areas of rock between grikes
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| Finish the limestone pavement formula, Limestone pavement= | Clints and grikes
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| What are swallow holes? | Enlargened grikes
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| What is a cave? | The result of what happens when a river disappears underground through a swallow hole and the limestone is then dissolved
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| Give an example of a cave | Aillwee cave,the Burren,Co.Clare
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| What direction do staligtites grow in? | Downward
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| What direction do staligmites grow in? | Upward
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| What is a pillar? | The result of the joining of the stalactite and the staligmite
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| Give an advantage of tourisim | Local employment increases
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| Give a disadvantage of toursism | Increased tourism damages rare flora(plant life)
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| What is mass movement? | Loose,weathered material that moves down slope under influence of gravity
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| Give one result of a mass movement cause? | Mudflows
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