mr l vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| absorb | to take in or soak up, dark objects _________ light and heat
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| adaptation | a change in an organism that helps it survive in its environment
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| air pressure | the weight of the air above an area, barometers measure ________________
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| algae (phytoplankton) | single-celled plantlike organism that produce huge amounts of oxygen
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| amoeba | a single-celled bloblike member of Kingdom Protista
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| amphibian | a group of vertebrates with moist skin, they spend part of their life underwater
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| amplitude | measures how high or low a wave is
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| anemometer | measures wind speed, "mom" says don't go out when its windy without a coat
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| Aristotle & Ptolemy | believed our solar system was "Earth-centered"
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| atom | the smallest bit of matter, made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons
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| bacteria | smallest, most primitive living thins, single-celled, no organelles, Monera
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| balance | an instrument that compares the mass of two objects
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| behavioral adaptation | a change in an organisms behavior to help it survive, porcupine rolling up in a ball when threatened, birds flying south for the winter
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| Benjamin Franklin | discovered that lightening was a form of static electricity
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| carbon dioxide | a compound needed by plants for photosynthesis: 1 carbon & 2 oxygen
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| cell | the smallest unit of living things
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| chemical change | a change that results in something new, cannot easily be undone: burnt toast
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| chlorophyll | the green pigment in plants used for photosynthesis
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| circumference | the distance (perimeter) around a circle
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| cirrus | high wispy clouds
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| climate | the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
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| closed circuit | an electrical circuit must be closed for electricity to flow
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| community | Populations of species that live in the same place at the same time together
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| compound | two or more elements held together by chemical bonds: NaCl CO2 H2O
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| compression | the part of a sound wave where the molecules of matter are packed closely together
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| concave | a lens or mirror that is wider on the edges and thinner in the middle
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| condense | to change from a gas to a liquid
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| conductor | a material that easily transmits electricity or heat
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| constant | something in an experiment that does NOT change
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| consumer | an organism that eats other organisms
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| continental rise | part of the ocean floor just below the continental slope, it is there because of landslides
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| continental shelf | the shallow part of the ocean floor near the shore, there is much life there because sunlight reaches the bottom there
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| continental slope | the steep "drop-off" from the continental shelf to the deep ocean
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| contract | to become smaller
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| convection | the circular motion of matter when heated: rice cooking on stove
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| convergent boundaries | where two tectonic plates are moving together: trenches, mountains, and volcanoes from here
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| convex | a lens or mirror that is wider in the middle and thicker at the edges
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| Copernicus & Galileo | believed that the sun was the center of our solar system
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| core | the center part of the earth made up of solid iron and nickel
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| crust | the thin, rocky, outer layer of the earth
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| cumulonimbus | dark, stormy clouds
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| cumulus | clouds that are fluffy and white with flat bottoms. They usually indicate fair weather.
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| current | the river-like movement of water in the ocean
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| decomposer | organisms like bacteria, fungi, and worms that break down dead organisms
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| density | how tightly or loosely packed matter is
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| dependent variable | the factor in an experiment that changes as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable
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| deposition | when sediment is placed by water, wind, or gravity
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| dispersion | when light waves pass through a prism, the rays are spread out or dispered
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| dissolve | when a solid mixes completely in a liquid to form a solution
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| divergent boundaries | when two tectonic plates move apart from each other: mid-ocean ridges are formed here
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| dogwood | the state tree of Virginia
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| dormancy | a period of inactivity: volcanoes and plants can be dormant
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| earthquake | the shaking or moving of the earth's crust do to tectonic movement
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| echo | a reflected sound wave bouncing off of a hard, smooth surface
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| ecosystem | is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) together with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system
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| electromagnet | wire around certain iron-bearing metals (iron nail) and creating a closed circuit is an example of a simple _____________.
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| electron | the smallest subatomic particle, negative (-) charge
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| element | the pure and simple substance that cannot be broken down any farther
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| embryo | The embryo within the seed begins as a single cell, the zygote. The basic organs of the plant body can be found in the embryo.
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| erosion | the carrying away of sediment due to weathering
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| evaporation | the state change from a liquid to a gas without high heat
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| expand | to become bigger, when water freezes into ice, it expands
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| extinct | when a species of organisms finally die out
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| fahrenheit | the temperature scale for which 32 degrees is freezing and 212 degrees is boiling
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| fault | a break in the earth's surface, earthquakes often occur here
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| ferns | a group of plants that reproduce with spores instead of seeds
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| filament | the thin metal wire in a light bulb that glows when hot
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| focus | the place that an earthquake begins
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| force | a push or pull on an object
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| fossil | the ancient remains of a plant or animal
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| frequency | the number of times a wave passes a certain point in a certain amount of time
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| fresh water | water containing very little dissolved salt, found in lakes, streams and rivers
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| friction | the force that creates heat when two objects rub against another
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| front | the boundary between air masses of different temperature and humidity
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| fungus | a kingdom of living things that absorb food from dead or dying organisms: mushrooms, molds, yeast, mildew
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| Galileo | helped to invent and make the telescope better
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| geologist | a scientist who studies the earth and rocks
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| granite | an igneous rock found under the continents
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| Gulf stream current | a warm water current that travels by the east coast of the U.S.
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| habitat | the place or kind of place in which an animal or plant naturally lives. An organism’s ___________ provides food, water, shelter, and space
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| hibernate | when an organism sleeps for long periods of time in the winter months
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| humidity | the amount of moisture in the air which is measured by a hygrometer
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| hypothesis | a prediction about the relationship between variables. A hypothesis is an educated guess/prediction about what will happen based on what you already know and what you have already learned from your research. It must be worded so that it is ―testable.‖
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| igneous rock | rock formed from cooled lava or magma
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| independent variable | the factor in an experiment that is altered by the experimenter. The independent variable is purposely changed or manipulated
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| inference | a possible explanation based on background knowledge and available data
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| instinct | something that an organism does without thinking, it is inborn
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| insulator | a material that does not transmit electricity or heat easily
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| invertebrate | an animal without a backbone
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| kilogram | a metric measure of mass that is equal to about 2 pounds
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| kinetic energy | the energy of motion
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| lava | hot, molten rock that has been erupted to the surface of the earth
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| leaf | the part of the plant where photosynthesis takes place
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| lens | a curved glass object that bends, or refracts, lighty
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| light | a from of energy that travels from the sun to earth in waves
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| lightning | a form of static electricity found in the atmosphere
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| limestone | a sedimentary rock formed from ancient sea shells
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| liquid | one of the three states of matter that has a definite volume, but no definite shape
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| magma | hot, molten rock that is found under the earth's surface
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| mammal | a group of vertebrates that are warm-blooded, have fur, and produce milk
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| manipulate | to change or alter
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| mantle | the middle layer of the earth made mostly of molten rock
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| marble | a metamorphic rock prized for its beauty, used in statues and countertops
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| mass | the amount of matter in an object
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| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)
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| melting point | the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
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| membrane | a thin covering that allows certain materials in and out
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| mercury | the only element that is a metal and a liquid
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| metamorphic rock | rock that has been "changed" by high heat and pressure under the earth's surface
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| metamorphosis | when something undergoes a dramatic "change"
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| meteorologist | a scientist who studies and reports the weather
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| meter | a metric measure of length that is about equal to one yard
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| Michael Faraday | invented the electric motor
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| microscope | a scientific instrument that allows us to see very small objects
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| mixture | a combination of two or more compounds that can be separated easily
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| mold | a type of fungus that grows on living things
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| molecule | the very smallest bit of a compound
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| molten | when something is hot and melted
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| monera | the kingdom of living things that includes the bacteria
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| moss | a non-vascular plant that grows near moisture
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