Neoplasia I
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| How is Neoplasm different from hyperplasia | Neoplasm is abnormal growth of tissue Hyperplasia is an increase in teh number of cells within an organ or tissue
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| Does hyperplasia respont to normal regulatory growth control mechanisms | yes
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| what is metaplasia | a reversible change in which one mature cell type is replaced by another mature cell type
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| what is dysplasia | potentially reversible change characterized by atypical cellular features and increased mitotis rate
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| what are the two main examples of names that end in -oma that are actually malignant | Carcinoma and Sarcoma
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| What is the origin of carcinomas | epithelial origin
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| what is the origin of sarcomas | mesenchymal / connective tissue origin
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| Leiomyo- indicates? | Smooth muscle
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| Lipo- indicates? | adipose tissue
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| rhabdomyo- indicates? | skeletal muscle
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| Scirrhous indicates? | hard
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| Medullary indicates? | soft resembling bone marrow
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| colloid indicates? | gelatinous mucinous
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| what are two exceptions to the rule of -oma being benign unless called carcinoma or sarcoma | melanoma and lymphoma
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| what is cellular differentiation | extent to which neoplastic cells resemble normal cells
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| What type of differentiation is exhibited by Benign Neoplasms | well-differentiated
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| what grows faster benign or malignant neoplasms | malignant
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| how to benign vs. malignant tumors differ in respect to mode of growth | benign grows by expansion and malignant grows by invasion
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| What is growth fraction? | proportion of cells within a tumor population that are in the replicative pool?
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| why does doubling time increase as the tumor size increases | tumor outgrows blood supply
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| what is the most common route of metastasis | lymphatic spread
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| what is the characteristic route of spread of carcinomas | Lymphatic spread
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| what is the characteristic spread of sarcomas | Hematogenous spread
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| what are two common sites of hematogenous spread | lung and liver
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| what does grade refer to? | degree of differentiation
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| what is staging based on? | TNM (Tumor, Nodes, Metastases)
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