Chemistry Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| scientific method | the way in which scientists answer questions and solve problems
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| proton | a positively charged subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom ; the number of protons of the nucleus is the atomic number that determines the identity of an element
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| heat | the transfer of energy between objects that are at different temperatures; energy is always transferred from higher temps. to lower temperature objects until thermal equilibrium is reached
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| kinetic energy | the energy of motion; kinetic energy depends on speed and mass
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| medium | the substance through which a wave can travel
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| acid | any compound that increases the number of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water and whose solution tastes sour and can change the color of certain compounds
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| valence electrons | the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom; they determine how an element with react with other substances
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| chemical formula | the shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance
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| volume | the amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains
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| observation | any use of senses to gather information
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| atom | the smallest particles into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance; the smallest unit of an element that has all the properties of that element
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| thermal energy | the total energy of particles that make up a substance
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| mass | the amount of matter that something is made of
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| wave | a disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space
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| data | any pieces of information gathered through experimentation
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| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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| density | the amount of matter in a given space or volume; the mass per unit volume of a substance
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| exothermic | the terms used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is given off
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| product | substance formed from a chemical reaction
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| reactant | a starting material in a chemical reaction
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| ionic compound | a compound that contains ionic bonds
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| isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element but has a different number of neutrons
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| electron | a negatively charges subatomic particle that is found in all atoms; electrons are involved in the formation of chemical bonds
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| theory | a unifying explanation for a broad range of hypotheses and observations that have been supported by testing
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| pH | a measurement of the hydronium ion concentration in a solution
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| chemical bond | the force of attraction that holds two atoms together
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| endothermic | the terms used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is absorbed
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| neutron | a subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom that has no charge
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| molecule | a neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
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| covalent bond | a bond that results from the attraction between the nuclei of an atom where the electrons are shared by the atoms
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| ion | a charged particle that forms during chemical changes when one or more valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another
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| law | a summary of many exerimental results and observations; a law tells how things work
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| alkali metals | the elements in group one of the periodic table; they are the most reactive metals; their atoms have one valence electron
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| nobel gases | the elements in group 18 of the periodic table; they are unreactive nonmetals; their atoms have 8 valence electrons, except for helium with has two
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| base | any compound that increases the number of hydroside ions when dissolved in water and whose solution tastes bitter; feels slippery and can change the colors of certain compounds
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| covalent compound | a compound that contains only covalent bonds
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| ionic bond | the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
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| organic compound | a covalent compound that is composed of carbon-based molecules
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