Chapter 8 medterm
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| an/o | anus, ring
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| bar/o | pressure, weight
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| chol/e | bile, gall
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| cholecyst/o | gallbladder
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| col/o | colon, large intestine
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| colon/o | colon, large intestine
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| dent/o | tooth, teeth
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| dont/o | teeth
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| duoden/o | duodenum, first part of small intestine
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| enter/o | small intestine
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| esophag/o | esophagus
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| gastr/o | stomach, belly
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| gloss/o | tongue
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| hepat/o | liver
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| ile/o | ileum, small intestine
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| jejun/o | jejunum
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| lingu/o | tongue
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| lith/o | stone, calculus
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| or/o | mouth, oral cavity
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| pancreat/o | pancreas
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| phag/o | eat, swallow
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| proct/o | anus and rectum
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| rect/o | rectum, straight
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| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon
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| stomat/o | mouth, oral cavity
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| emesis | also known as vomiting, the reflex ejection of the stomach contents through the mouth
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| lithiasis | The formation of calculi of any kind, especially biliary or urinary calculi.
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| pepsia | state of digestion
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| phagia | swallowing
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| aerophagia | is the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach
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| amebic dysentry | also known as amebiasis, is transmitted by food or water that is contaminated due to poor sanitary conditions
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| anastomosis | is a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures
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| anorexia nervosa | is an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance. Leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and refusal to maintain a normal body weight.
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| antiemetic | is a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
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| aphthous ulcers | also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers, are grey-white pits with a red border in the soft tissue lining the mouth
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| ascites | is an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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| bariatrics | is the branch of medicine concered with the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases
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| borborygmus | is the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine
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| botulism | also known as food poisoning, is a rare, but very serious, condition transmitted through contaminted food or an infected wound
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| bulimia nervosa | is an eating disorder characteized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diurectics, or other medications
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| cachexia | is a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS
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| cheilosis | also known as cheilitis, is a disorder of lips characterized by crack0like sores at the corners of the mouth
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| cholangiography | is a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium
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| cholangitis | is an acute infection of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice
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| cholecystectomy | is the surgical removal of the gallbladder
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| cholecysitis | is inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with gallstones blocking the flow of bile
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| choledocholithotomy | is an incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones
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| cholelithiasis | is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts
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| cholera | is transmitted through contact with contaminated food or water
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| cirrhosis | is a progressive degenerative disease of the liver that is often caused by excessive alcohol use or by viral hepatitis B or C
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| colonscopy | is the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum
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| Crohn's disease | is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon
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| diverticulitis | is the inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon
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| diverticulosis | is the presence of a number of diverticula in the colon
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| dyspepsia | also known as indigestion, is a pain or discomfort in digestion
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| dysphagia | is difficulty in swallowing
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| enteritis | is an inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral and bacterial pathogens
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| eructation | is the act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach
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| esophageal varices | are enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus
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| esophagogastroduodenoscopy | is an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract which includes the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum
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| gestroduodenostomy | is the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach, and the duodenum
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| gastroesophageal reflux disease | also known as GERD, is the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus
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| gastrostomy tube | is a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach
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| hematemesis | is the vomiting of blood
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| Hemoccult test | also known as the fecal occult blood test, is a laboratory test for hidden blood in the stools
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| hepatitis | is an inflammation of the liver
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| herpes labialis | also known as cold sores or fever blisters, are blister-like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissue that are caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1
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| hiatal hernia | is a condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through and opening in the diaphragm
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| hyperemesis | is extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
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| ileus | is the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine
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| inguinal hernia | is the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
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| jaundice | is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes
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| melena | is the passage of black, tarry, or foul-smelling stools
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| morbid obesity | is the condition of weighing two to three times, or more, than the ideal weight or having a body mass index value greater than 39
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| nasogastric intubation | is the placement of a feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach
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| obesity | is an excessiveaccumulation of fat in the body
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| periodontium | consists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth
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| peristalsis | a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction
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| proctopexy | is the surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ
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| regurgitation | is the return of swallowed food into the mouth
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| salmonellosis | also referred to as salmonella, is transmitter by food that is contaminated by feces
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| sigmoidoscopy | is the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon
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| stomatorrhagia | describes bleeding from any part of the mouth
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| trismus | describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer
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| ulcerative colitis | is a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated epidsodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation
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| volvulus | is the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction
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| xerostomia | also known as dry mouth, is the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands
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