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Chapter 8 medterm

QuestionAnswer
an/o anus, ring
bar/o pressure, weight
chol/e bile, gall
cholecyst/o gallbladder
col/o colon, large intestine
colon/o colon, large intestine
dent/o tooth, teeth
dont/o teeth
duoden/o duodenum, first part of small intestine
enter/o small intestine
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach, belly
gloss/o tongue
hepat/o liver
ile/o ileum, small intestine
jejun/o jejunum
lingu/o tongue
lith/o stone, calculus
or/o mouth, oral cavity
pancreat/o pancreas
phag/o eat, swallow
proct/o anus and rectum
rect/o rectum, straight
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
stomat/o mouth, oral cavity
emesis also known as vomiting, the reflex ejection of the stomach contents through the mouth
lithiasis The formation of calculi of any kind, especially biliary or urinary calculi.
pepsia state of digestion
phagia swallowing
aerophagia is the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach
amebic dysentry also known as amebiasis, is transmitted by food or water that is contaminated due to poor sanitary conditions
anastomosis is a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures
anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance. Leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and refusal to maintain a normal body weight.
antiemetic is a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
aphthous ulcers also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers, are grey-white pits with a red border in the soft tissue lining the mouth
ascites is an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
bariatrics is the branch of medicine concered with the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases
borborygmus is the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine
botulism also known as food poisoning, is a rare, but very serious, condition transmitted through contaminted food or an infected wound
bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characteized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diurectics, or other medications
cachexia is a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS
cheilosis also known as cheilitis, is a disorder of lips characterized by crack0like sores at the corners of the mouth
cholangiography is a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium
cholangitis is an acute infection of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice
cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecysitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with gallstones blocking the flow of bile
choledocholithotomy is an incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones
cholelithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts
cholera is transmitted through contact with contaminated food or water
cirrhosis is a progressive degenerative disease of the liver that is often caused by excessive alcohol use or by viral hepatitis B or C
colonscopy is the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum
Crohn's disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon
diverticulitis is the inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon
diverticulosis is the presence of a number of diverticula in the colon
dyspepsia also known as indigestion, is a pain or discomfort in digestion
dysphagia is difficulty in swallowing
enteritis is an inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral and bacterial pathogens
eructation is the act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach
esophageal varices are enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus
esophagogastroduodenoscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract which includes the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum
gestroduodenostomy is the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach, and the duodenum
gastroesophageal reflux disease also known as GERD, is the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus
gastrostomy tube is a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach
hematemesis is the vomiting of blood
Hemoccult test also known as the fecal occult blood test, is a laboratory test for hidden blood in the stools
hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver
herpes labialis also known as cold sores or fever blisters, are blister-like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissue that are caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1
hiatal hernia is a condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through and opening in the diaphragm
hyperemesis is extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
ileus is the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine
inguinal hernia is the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes
melena is the passage of black, tarry, or foul-smelling stools
morbid obesity is the condition of weighing two to three times, or more, than the ideal weight or having a body mass index value greater than 39
nasogastric intubation is the placement of a feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach
obesity is an excessiveaccumulation of fat in the body
periodontium consists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth
peristalsis a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction
proctopexy is the surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ
regurgitation is the return of swallowed food into the mouth
salmonellosis also referred to as salmonella, is transmitter by food that is contaminated by feces
sigmoidoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon
stomatorrhagia describes bleeding from any part of the mouth
trismus describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer
ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated epidsodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation
volvulus is the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction
xerostomia also known as dry mouth, is the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands
Created by: frenzyennie
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