Chapter 13 medical terminology
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| arachn/o | spider
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| cerebr/o | cerebrum; brain
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| crani/o | skull
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| dendr/o | branching; dendrite
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| electr/o | electricity
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| encephal/o | brain
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| gli/o | neuroglia; nerve cell
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| hydr/o | water
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| mening/o | meninges
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| myel/o | spinal cord
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| neur/o | nerve
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| olig/o | few;diminished
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| quadr/i | four
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| thec/o | sheath
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| thromb/o | clot
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| vacul/o | blood vessel
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| ventricul/o | ventricle
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| dura- | hard
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| echo- | sound
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| -algia | pain
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| -malacia | softening
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| -paresis | partial paralysis
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| -pathy | disease
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| -plegia | paralysis
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| cephal/o | head
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| -phasia | speech
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| anencephaly | congenital absence of brain
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| cephalgia | headache
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| cerebral thrombosis | clot in cerebral blood vessel
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| cerebrovascular accident | stroke
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| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain
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| encephalomalacia | softening of the brain
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| encephalopathy | disease of the brain
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| epidural hematoma | collection of blood between the cranium and dura mater
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| glioma | tumor of the neuroglia cells
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| hemiparesis | temporary paralysis of one side of the body
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| hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of the body
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| hydrocephalus | accumulation of CSF around the brain. Water on the brain
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| meningioma | slow growth tumor of the meninges of the brain
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| meningitis | infection or inflammation of the meninges
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| meningocele | hernia of the meninges
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| meningomyelocele | herniation of the spinal cord and meninges
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| myelomalacia | softening of the spinal cord
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| neuralgia | nerve pain
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| neuritis | inflammation of a nerve
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| neuroblastoma | malignant tumor embryonic tissue occurs in young children
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| neuropathy | disease of the nerves
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| paraplegia | paralysis of the lower half of the body
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| polyneuritis | inflammation of many nerves
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| quadriplegia | paralysis of all four limbs
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| subdural hematoma | a collection of blood below the dura mater
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| cerebrospinal fluid analysis | Lab analysis of CSF to detect bacteria, blood and malignant cells
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| craniotomy | incision into the skull
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| echoencephalography | reading a picture of the structures of the brain using sound waves
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| electroencephalogram | record of electrical activity of the brain
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| electroencephalography | process of recording electrical activity of the brain
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| LP | lumbar puncture
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| myelography | process of recording xray of the spinal cord and cavity
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| myelogram | xray record of spinal cord and cavity
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| neurectomy | surgical removal of nerve
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| pneumoencephalography | process of recording ventricles and other fluid filled spaces of CNS
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| transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation | pain relief treatment with electrical impulses
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| ANS | autonomic nervous system
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| CNS | central nervous system
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| CP | cerebral palsy
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| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid
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| CVA | Cerebrovascular accident
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| EEG | electroencephalography
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| MS | multiple sclerosis
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| PNS | peripheral nervous system
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| TIA | transient ischemic attack
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| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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| aque/o | watery
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| blast/o | immature
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| corne/o | cornea
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| dacry/o | tears
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| dacryocyst/o | tear sac
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| dipl/o | double
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| fund/o | fundus; base
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| glauc/o | silver; gray
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| ir/o; irid/o | iris
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| kerat/o | cornea
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| lacrim/o | tears
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| ocul/o | eye
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| ophthalm/o | eye
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| opt/o | eye; vision
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| palpebr/o | eyelid
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| phac/o; phak/o | lens
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| phot/o | light
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| pupill/o | pupil
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| retin/o | retina
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| scler/o | sclera; hard
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| uve/o | uvea
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| vitre/o | glassy; jelly like
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| ect- | outside; out
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| en-; eso- | in; inward
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| ex- | out; outward
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| presby- | aging; old
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| -metry | to measure
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| -opia | vision
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| -tropia; -tropion | to turn; turning
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| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid
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| blepharoptosis | drooping of an eyelid
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| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva
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| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac or lacrimal sac
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| diabetic retinopathy | disease of the retina caused by diabetes
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| diplopia | double vision
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| ectropion | turning outward of the eyelash margins
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| entropion | turning inward of the eyelash margins
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| esotropia | cross eyed
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| exophthalmia | protrusion of the eyeballs
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| exotropia | wall eyed
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| hyperopia | far sightedness
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| iritis | inflammation of the iris
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| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea
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| myopia | near sightedness
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| nyctalopia | night blindness
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| ophthalmia neonatorum | inflammation of the conjunctiva of a newborn
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| photophobia | sensitivity to light
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| photoretinitis | damage to the retina due to overexposure to light
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| presbyopia | old vision
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| retinitis pigmentosa | degenerative disease defective night vision and decreased field of vision
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| retinoblastoma | malignant tumor of the retina
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| retinopathy | disease of the retina
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| sclerokeratitis | inflammation of the sclera and cornea
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| strabismus | inability of the eyes to gaze in the same direction because of muscle weakness
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| uveitis | inflammation of the iris, ciliary body and choroid
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| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of the eyelid
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| funduscopy | examination of the interior posterior part of the eye using an ophthalmoscope
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| intraocular lens implant | surgical implantation of lens usually done as part of cataract extraction
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| iridectomy | removal of a section of the iris
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| keratoplasty | surgical repair of the cornea
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| ophthalmoscopy | examination of the interior part of the eye
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| photoreactive keratectomy | surgical removal of the corneal surface to correct myopia
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| radial keratotomy | spoke like incisions in the cornea
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| retinal photocoagulation | laser surgery of the retina
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| scleral buckling | repair of retinal detachment by folding the sclera
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| vitrectomy | removal of the vitreous humor
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| OD | right eye
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| OS | left eye
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| OU | each eye
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| PERRLA | pupils equal round, reactive to light and accommodation
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| REM | rapid eye movement
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| acoust/o | hearing
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| audi/o | hearing; sound
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| cochle/o | cochlea
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| labyrinth/o | inner ear; labyrinth
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| laryng/o | larynx
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| myc/o | fungus
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| myring/o | eardrum
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| ot/o | ear
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| rhin/o | nose
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| staped/o | stapes
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| tympan/o | eardrum
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| -cusis; -cusia | hearing
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| -metry | to measure
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| -rrhea | discharge; flow
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| acoustic neuroma | benign tumor of the acoustic nerve
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| labyrinthitis | inflammation or infection of the inner ear
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| myringitis | inflammation of the eardrum
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| otalgia | earache
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| otitis externa | external ear infection
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| otitis media | infection of the middle ear; classic ear infection
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| otmycosis | fungal infection of the external auditory meatus
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| otorrhea | discharge from the ear
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| otosclerosis | ossification of the bones of the middle ear especially the stapes causing tinnitus and deafness
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| presbycusis | old hearing
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| serous otitis media | middle ear infection with serous fluid behind eardrum
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| suppurative otitis media | middle ear infection with pus behind the eardrum
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| tympanitis | inflammation of the eardrum
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| audiogram | graphic record of hearing
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| audiometry | measuring the sense of hearing
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| myringoplasty | surgical repair of the eardrum
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| myringotomy | incision into the eardrum
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| myringotomy and tubes | incision into the eardrum and the placement of tubes
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| otoplasty | surgical repair of the ear
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| otoscopy | examination of the eardrum using an otoscope
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| stapedectomy | removal of the stapes
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| tympanoplasty | surgical repair of the eardrum
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| tympanotomy | incision into the eardrum
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| AD | right ear
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| AS | left ear
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| AU | each ear
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| EENT | eyes, ears, nose, throat
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| TM | tympanic membrane
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