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Brachial Plexus Injuries

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Nerve
Type of injury
Symptom or sign
muscle damage
show fracture of surgical head of humerus or Dislocation of shoulder joint   Abduction of arm to horizontal position is compromised   Paralysis of deltoid muscle  
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Axillary nerve   show weakened lateral rotation of the arm; deltoid paralysis   teres minor muscle  
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Axillary nerve   show "Patch sign"- loss of sensation on lateral side of upper arm   (blank)  
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Long thorasic nerve   show Abduction of the arm past the horizontal position is impaired, and pt can't use arm to PUSH   serratus anterior muscle  
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show stab wound or removal of lymph nodes during a mastectomy   "winged scapula"   serratus anterior muscle  
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Musculocutaneous nerve (upper trunk - C5-C6)   Violent stretch between head and shoulder   show biceps brachii brachialis  
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show Violent stretch between head and shoulder   "waiter's tip", arm is medially rotated and pronated; Erb Duchenne   Infraspinatus muscle  
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Axillary nerve (upper trunk - C5-C6)   show "waiter's tip", arm is medially rotated and pronated; Erb Duchenne   Teres minor muscle  
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Median nerve (lower trunk - C8-T1)   Sudden pull upward on arm   show Muscles of the hand and wrist  
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Ulnar nerve (lower trunk - C8-T1)   show "claw and", loss of function of the hand and wrist; Klumpke's   Muscles of the hand and wrist  
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(posterior Cord- C5-T1)   (blank)   Wrist drop   show
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Radial nerve (Posterior cord -C5-T1)   Fractur of the humerus at the midshaft or badly fitted crutches   show paralysis of mms in extensor compartment of the forearm  
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Radial nerve (Posterior cord -C5-T1)   Fractur of the humerus at the midshaft or badly fitted crutches   show (blank)  
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show Fractur of the humerus at the midshaft or badly fitted crutches   "wrist drop"   paralysis of mms in extensor compartment of the forearm  
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Median nerve injury at elbow or axilla(Median cord- C5-T1)   show lost thumb movement   paralysis of abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis  
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Median nerve injury at elbow or axilla(Median cord- C5-T1)   show weakened flexion of the wrist, lost pronation and flexion of digits   mms in flexor compartment  
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Median nerve injury at elbow or axilla(Median cord- C5-T1)   Suracondylar fracture of the humerus   show mms in flexor compartment  
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Median nerve injury at elbow or axilla(Median cord- C5-T1)   show sensory loss on the palmer and dorsal aspects of the index, middle and half of the ring fingers and the palmer aspect of the thumb   (blank)  
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show Slashing of the wrist or Carpal tunnel syndrome   Normal flexion of wrist and digits, and normal pronation   No paralysis of mms of flexor compartment  
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Median nerve injury at the wrist (Median cord- C5-T1)   Slashing of the wrist or Carpal tunnel syndrome   show paralysis of abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis  
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Median nerve injury at the wrist (Median cord- C5-T1)   Slashing of the wrist or Carpal tunnel syndrome   show (blank)  
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show fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   Deviation of the hand to the radial side, at the wrist joint   paralysis of flexor carpi ulnaris mm  
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show fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   "claw hand", lost flesion of the ring and little finger at the DIP joint   paralysis of the medial part of flexor digitorum profundus mm  
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Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow or axilla (median cord C8-T1)   fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   lost flexion of ring and little finger at the MCP joint   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow or axilla (median cord C8-T1)   fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   lost abduction and adduction of the fingers   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow or axilla (median cord C8-T1)   show adduction of the thumb is lost   paralysis of the adductor pollicis mm  
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Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow or axilla (median cord C8-T1)   fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   lost abduction, flexion and opposition of the little finger   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow or axilla (median cord C8-T1)   fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus   sensory loss on the palmer and dorsal aspects of the little finger and half of the ring finger   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at the wrist (median cord C8-T1)   Slashing the wrists   No wrist deviation toward ulnar side and NO problems with felxion of of ring and little finger at DIP joint   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at the wrist (median cord C8-T1)   show lost flexion of ring and little finger at the MCP joint, with hyperextension at joint b/c extensor mm are intact   paralysis of the lumbricles 3 and 4  
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show Slashing the wrists   adduction of the thumb is lost   paralysis of the adductor pollicis mm  
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Ulnar nerve injury at wrist (median cord C8-T1)   Slashing of the wrists   adduction of the thum is lost   show
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Ulnar nerve injury at wrist (median cord C8-T1)   Slashing of the wrists   show palmer and dorsal interosseous mms  
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Ulnar nerve injury at wrist (median cord C8-T1)   Slashing of the wrists   show abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi and opponens digitiminimi mms  
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Ulnar nerve injury at wrist (median cord C8-T1)   show palmer and dorsal aspects of the little finger and half the ring finger   (blank)  
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show Slashing of the wrists   "claw hand", yet not as severe as with lesion at the elbow   (blank)  
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Musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord- C5-C7)   show Difficulty flexing elbow, and variable sensory loss   Paralysis of coracobrachialis, biceps and brachialis mm ( biceps reflex)  
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