Meyers Chapter 17

Description:	AP Psychology Chapter 17 (Therapy)
Category:	Psychology
Created by:	melrohs on 2007-03-27

Vocab	Definition
Psychotherapy	A planned, emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained, socially sanctioned healer and a sufferer.
Biomedical Therapy	A prescribed medication or medical procedure that acts directly on the patient's nervous system.
Eclectic Approach	An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
Psychoanalysis	Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences-and the therapist's interpretations of them-released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
Resistance	In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
Interpretation	In psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
Transference	In psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).
Client-Centered Therapy	A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques, such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth.
Active Listening	Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client centered therapy.
Behavior Therapy	Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
Counterconditioning	A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapy and aversive conditioning.
Exposure therapies	Behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people to the things the fear and avoid.
Systematic Desensitization	A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy	An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.
Aversive Conditioning	A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.
Token economy	An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats.
Cognitive Therapy	Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy	A popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).
Family Therapy	Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication.
Regression Toward the Mean	The tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.
meta-analysis	A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.
Psychopharmacology	The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.
Tardive Dyskinesia	Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target d2 dopamine receptors.
Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT)	A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)	The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.
Psychosurgery	Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.
Lobotomy	A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.