| Question |
Answer |
| present estar |
estoy, estas, esta, estamos, estais, estan (no nosotros accent) |
| imperfect estar |
estaba, estabas, estaba, estabamos, estabais, estaban |
| present subjunctive estar |
este, estes, este, estemos, esteis, esten (all accent) |
| preterite estar |
estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron |
| conditional estar |
estaria, estarias, estaria, estariamos, estariais, estarian (all i's accented) |
| definite articles |
el, la, los, las |
| indefinite articles |
un, una, unos, unas |
| DOP articles |
me te lo/la nos os los/las |
| IOP articles |
me te le nos os les |
| Reflexive articles |
me te se nos os se |
| Impersonal articles |
mio, tuyo, suyo, nuestro, vuestro, suyo |
| Present Participles |
ongoing action, ando/iendo/yendo (double vowels), ONLY ir stem changes (e-i, o-u), w/ reflexive goes before or at end with accent on second to last syllable if at the end |
| Past Participles |
verb happened in the past, ado/ido/i'do (double vowel), NO stem changes |
| Present Progressive |
estar + pres part;; estoy |
| Past Progressive |
was/were happening; estaba |
| Future Progressive |
will/be happening; estare |
| Conditional Progressive |
would/should/shall happen; estaria |
| Present Perfect Indicative |
haber + past participle; to have/has verbed; he |
| Pluperfect Indicative |
haber + past participle; had verbed; ongiong: habia; only once: hube |
| Future Perfect |
haber+past participle; will have verbed; habre, habras |
| Conditional Perfect |
haber + past participle; would/could have verbed; habria |
| + Tu Command |
present Ud.; DISHES; stem C |
| - Tu Command |
tu form present subj,; DISHES; NO spelling C |
| + Ud. Command |
yo form, 3rd person singular subj. ending |
| - Ud Command |
3rd person singular subj, ending |
| + Nosotros Command |
Subj. Ud. singular |
| - Nosotros Command |
subjunctive nosotros |
| + Vosotros Command |
drop "r", add "d"; DISHES, car gar zar, no er/ar stem C |
| - Vosotros Command |
vosotros subj.; DISHES, car gar zar, no er/ar stem C |
| + Uds. Command |
3rd person plural subj., car gar zar |
| - Uds. Command |
3rd person plural subjunctive; car gar zar |
| Reflexive OP's |
to/for oneself; to replace something |
| IOPs |
to/for whom/what |
| DOPs |
what/whom; before verb in affirmative |
| RID rule |
Reflexive, Indirect, Direct; all commands |
| La La rule |
when both pronouns begin with La, change first one to se; Ud./Uds. commands |
| placement of OPs |
before conjugated verb, attached to infinitive |
| Present Subjunctive |
1st sing. pres. tense; add opposite ending; er/ir: a ar: e |
| Imperfect Subjunctive |
3rd person preterite plural, -ra/-se, 'ramos |
| Pluperfect Subjunctive |
haber in imp. subjunctive; hubiera + past participle; hubie'ramos |
| Imperfect Tense |
aba/'ia; ir: i'bamos; ser: era; ver: vei'a; WATERS (weather, age, time, emotion, repetition, setting); repeated actions done in the past |
| Future Tense |
top e, bottom a (shoebox stuff) |
| Estar |
states, conditons, physical, feelings, location, characteristic changing |
Buen Viaje lv.2 ch 8
