| Question |
Answer |
| 2 teeth in buccal capsule, most pathogenic, causes acute verminous arteritis, cause of colic |
S. vulgaris |
| no teeth |
S. edentatus |
| 3 teeth in buccal capsule |
S. equinus |
| – L3’s penetrate the mucosa of the cecum/colon→molt to L4 in the liver and migrate to the peritoneum→molt to L5 in the intestinal wall |
S. edentatus |
| L4’s molt in the submucosa of the cecum/colon→migrate to the liver and L5’s molt in the intestinal wall/pancreas. |
S. equinus |
| Life cycle - Direct and non-migratory, hypobiosis |
Small strongyles (30+ species) |
| Pathology - mucosal lesions during larval encystment and re-emergence contributes to colic (abdominal distress |
Small Strongyles |
| LEAF CROWN & TEETHIN BUCCAL CAPSULE |
SMALL STRONGYLE |
| Parasiticide resistance |
heritable mutation permits survival |
| resistance to all drugs within that action class (e.g., benzimidazoles) |
Side resistance |
| Low-dose daily feeding of pyrantel tartrate may lead to resistance of |
small strongyles |
| may promote the selection of resistance genes (against pryantel pamoate & oxibendazole) |
The mode of administration |
| To slow or stop anthelmintic resistance |
administer when actually needed |
| Swine Nodular worm |
Oesophagostomum dentatum |
| Common in adults pigs |
Oesophagostomum dentatum |
| reduced litter size |
“Thin sow” syndrome |
| Nodular worm of cattle (O. radiatum |
Oesophagostomum spp |
| May cause diarrhea |
Oesophagostomum spp |
| Nodules are seen in the walls of small and large intestines. |
Oesophagostomum spp |
| Adults in Large intestine |
Oesophagostomum spp |
| sheep and goats) |
O. venulosum, O. columbianum |
| Swine Kidney worm |
Stephanurus dentatum |
| Complex life cycle, including larval migration through liver |
Stephanurus dentatum |
| Adults have “mottled” appearance |
Stephanurus dentatum |
| Condemnation of liver at slaughter |
Stephanurus dentatum |
| Gapeworm |
Syngamus trachea |
| Adults are “in permanent copula |
Syngamus trachea |
| Form a “Y” shape |
Syngamus trachea |
| Reside in trachea/upper bronchi of avian species |
Syngamus trachea |
| Pathology – dyspnea, suffocation & death |
Syngamus trachea |
| Brown or Western Stomach Worm |
Ostertagia (Teladorsagia) |
| cattle |
O. ostertagia |
| sheep and goats |
T. circumcinta |
| larval invasion of gastric glands (2 main types of disease): |
Ostertagia (Teladorsagia) |
| weanling calves in first grazing season are target animals (late spring); diarrhea and weight loss (low mortality) |
Type 1 |
| caused by rapid emergence of hypobiotic larvae, yearling calves enter second grazing season (late winter); may be high mortality |
Type 2 |
| Barber Pole Worm |
Haemonchus |
| Most severe in sheep |
Haemonchus |
| Adults have small buccal capsule w/lancet to pierce mucosa and suck blood |
Haemonchus |
| Gut - uterus and ovaries wind around blood-filled gut resembling a barber pole |
Haemonchus |
| Direct life cycle |
Haemonchus |
| Hypobiosis - important for larvae to over-winter in host and reemerge when conditions are better |
Haemonchus |
| acute haemonchosis (10,000+ worms) in young causes anemia & bottle jaw. |
Haemonchus |
| Chronic haemonchosis (100-1000 worms) |
Haemonchus |
| Use a scale to measure blood loss (anemia) in sheep & goats |
FAMACHA |
| Selective rather than whole-herd treatment |
FAMACHA |
| Designed to delay the development of resistance in an unselected population (“refugia” or wild gene pool) which have a pool of sensitive genes. |
FAMACHA |
| Thin-necked intestinal worm |
Nematodirus |
| Hosts: cattle and sheep |
Nematodirus |
| Acute diarrhea in young animals |
Nematodirus |
| Eggs – LARGER than typical trichostrongyle egg |
Nematodirus |
| Cattle Bankrupt Worm |
Cooperia |
| Hosts: cattle, sheep & goats |
Cooperia |
| Not highly pathogenic |
Cooperia |
| May cause some diarrhea, anorexia & depressed growth |
Cooperia |
| Resides in the small intestine |
Cooperia |
| Very common species |
Trichostronglylus axei |
| Can cross-infect between ruminants, horses, and swine |
Trichostronglylus axei |
| Causes gastroenteritis in young animals (“black scours”) |
Trichostronglylus axei |
| “Red stomach worm” |
Hyostrongylus |
| Larvated eggs found in “fresh” feces |
Hyostrongylus |
| Direct life cycle; no migration of larvae |
Hyostrongylus |
| Larvae molt in the gastric mucosa |
Hyostrongylus |
| Clinical signs: anemia, poor appetite, stomach nodules & ulceration |
Hyostrongylus |
|
|
Alva Jackson
on 2009-10-20
MedTemCP5 Word+Pics
