| Question |
Answer |
| These are the hormones secreted by the three cell layers of the adrenal cortex. |
Corticoids |
| A condition caused by hyposecretion of the thyroid gland. |
Cretinism |
| A condition caused by the hypersecretion of glucocortoids from the adrenal cortex. |
Cushing's syndrome |
| A condition resulting from hypo-secretion of ADH where large volumes of urine is formed. |
Diabetes insipidus |
| This results when the pancreatic islet cells does not secrete enough insulin; hyperglycemia |
Diabetes mellitus |
| This term means secreting into the blood or tissue rather than into a duct; a ductless system. |
Endocrine |
| This is the abnormal protrusion of the eyes. |
Exophthalmos |
| A condition produced by the hypersecretion of GH during the early years of life. |
Gigantism |
| These are hormones that influence carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism and is secreted by the adrenal cortex. |
Glucocorticoids |
| The sensory neurons. |
Afferent Neurons |
| The delicate, weblike middle layer of meninges. 2nd Layer of Meninges. |
Arachnoid Mater |
| The nerve tracts in the spinal cord that carry information to the brain. |
Ascending Tracts |
| The portion of nervous system that regulates the activities of the internal organs (viscera). |
Autonomic Nervous System (visceral nervous system) |
| The nerve fiber; conducts an nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body. |
Axon |
| The brain and spinal cord. |
Central Nervous System |
| The fluid in the ventricles of the brain, subarachnoid space of the meninges, and the central canal of the spinal cord. |
Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| The process of a neuron that receives input from other neurons. |
Dendrite |
| The nerve tracts in the spinal cord that carry information from the brain to the muscles and glands. |
Descending Tracts |
| The tough outer layer of meninges. |
Dura Mater |
| The motor neurons. |
Efferent Neurons |
| A mass of neuron cell bodies, usually outside the CNS. |
Ganglia |
| The ridges or convolutions on the surface of the Cerebrum separated by shallow grooves called a sulcus or deep groove called a fissure. |
Gyri |
| The membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Has 3 Layers. |
Meninges |
| These are the efferent neurons carry impulse out of brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands. |
Motor Neuron |
| The fatty material that forms a sheath like covering around some axons. |
Myelin |
| The nerve cell. |
Neuron |
| The chemical that an axon end secretes on an effector (muscle or gland) or another neuron. |
Neurotransmitter |
| This is the sensation of changes in the internal and external environment, and the responses to those changes, the nervous system coordinates all other body systems to maintain homeostasis. |
Nervous System Homeostasis |
| The narrow gaps in the Schwann cells (myelin sheath) that allow the impulse is conducted from node to node (Saltatory conduction) and thus is sped up. |
Nodes of Ranvier |
| The portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord; most active under normal, restful conditions and counterbalances sympathetic nervous system. |
Parasympathetic Nervous System |
| The portion of the nervous system outside the central nervous system. |
Peripheral Nervous System |
| The inner layer of meninges that encloses the brain and spinal cord. |
Pia Mater |
| The cell surface structures that detect changes in the environment and transmit a signal to the inside of the neuron. |
Receptors |
| The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of an undisturbed nerve cell membrane. |
Resting Potential |
| The neuron that transmits an impulse from a receptor to the central nervous system. |
Sensory Neuron |
| The portion of the central nervous system extending from the brain stem through the vertebral cord. |
Spinal Cord |
| The space within the meninges between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. |
Subarachnoid Space |
| The shallow groove on the surface of the brain. |
Sulcus |
| The portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord; prepares the body for energyexpending, stressful, or emergency situations. |
Sympathetic Nervous System |
| The connection between the axon of a neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. |
Synapse |
| The formulation of glucose or glycogen from protein or fat compounds. |
Gluconeogenesis |
| The enlargement of the thyroid gland. |
Goiter |
| The excessive hair growth, especially in women. |
Hirsutism |
| The substance secreted by an endocrine gland and transported in the blood. |
Hormone |
| The hormone that influences mineral salt metabolism (electrolyte concentrations); secreted by adrenal cortex; aldosterone is the chief mineralocorticoid. |
Mineralocorticoid |
| The condition caused by deficiency of thyroid hormone in adults. |
Myxedema |
| The set of glands located on the surface of the thyroid gland. |
Parathyroid Glands |
| Affects local organs. |
Prostaglandins |
| The organ or cell acted on by a particular hormone and responding to it. |
Target Cells |
| The masculinization of a female. |
Virilism |
| Neurons that are found only in the central nervous system where they connect neuron to neuron. |
Interneurons |
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Cardio Block2anatomy
