| Question |
Answer |
| Diffusion |
the movement of particles from regions of higher density (concentration) to regions of lower density (concentration). |
| Osmosis |
the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. |
| Semipermeable |
a type of barrier that allows certain materials to pass, but blocks others. |
| passive transport |
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy. |
| active transport |
the movement of substances across a cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy. |
| Endocytosis |
the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell. |
| Exocytosis |
the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane. |
| Photosynthesis |
the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food. |
| Cellular |
respiration the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. |
| Fermentation |
the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen. |
| cell cycle |
the life cycle of a cell. |
| Chromosome |
in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA. |
| Homologous chromosomes |
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure. |
| Mitosis |
in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes. |
| Cytokinesis |
the division of the cytoplasm of a cell. |
Science Vocab 147928
