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| lava |
molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface |
| cementation |
sedimentary rock forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rack and soil |
| metamorphic rock |
forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition or both |
| compaction |
process that forms sedimentart rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the laers above them |
| nonfolliated |
describes metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble whose mineral grains grow and rearrnage but generally do not form laters |
| extrusive |
describes fine grained igneous rock that forms when magma quickly cools at or near Earths surface |
| rock |
mixture of one or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials; can be igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary |
| foliated |
describes metamorphic rock such as slate and gniess, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers |
| rock cycle |
model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time |
| granitic |
describes generally light-colored, silica rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock |
| basaltic |
describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica |
| sediment |
loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains or once-living plants and animals that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
| igneous rock |
rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens |
| sedimentary rock |
forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions |
| intrusive |
describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large amounts of crystals and cools slowly beneath Earths |
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