Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
pharm ch. 4 antibiot
pharm ch. 4 antibiotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT ARE BACTERIA | SINGLE CELL ORGANISMS |
| HOW DOES BACTERIA AFFECT HUMANS | PENETRATE AND COLONIZE TISSUE,ESTABLISH INFECTION THAT MAY CAUSE TISSUE DAMAGE |
| HOW DOES THE BODY'S IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPOND TO INFECTION (FIGHT BACK) | RESULTS IN FEVER AND INFLAMMATION |
| ANAEROBIC BACTERIA | SURVIVE WITHOUT OXYGEN |
| AEROBIC BACTERIA | NEED OXYGEN |
| DEFINE INFECTION | CONDITION WHERE BACTERIA GROW IN BODY TISSUE AND CAUSE TISSUE DAMAGE TO HOST BY THIER PRESENCE OR BY THE TOXINS THEY PRODUCE |
| SIGNS OF INFECTION | TEMP 101 WBC COUNT ABOVE 12,000/MM |
| TOXIN THEY PRODUCE | C-DIFF, BOTULISM, TETANUS, WHEN BACTERIA KILLED THE SPORES BURST AND TOXIN RELEASED |
| SUPER BUG | MERSA - METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS |
| SUPER INFECTIONS | CAN'T USE REGULAR TREATMENT (GET VANCOMYCIN) |
| SUPER BUG | VRE - VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS |
| SUPERINFECTION | A NEW INFECTION COMPLICATTING THE COURSE OF THERAPY OF AN EXISTING INFECTION - MAY OCCUR - |
| SUPERINFECTIONS OCCUR | MICROORGANISM BECOMES RESISTANT TO AN ANTI-INFECTIVE OR DESTROYS AND ORGANISM THAT IS A PART OF THE NORMAL FLORA ALLOWING ANOTHER MICROORGANISM TO FLOURISH (SIMPLE EXAMPLE YEAST) |
| ANTIBIOTIC | A CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE WITH THE ABILITY TO KILL(BACTERICIDAL)OR INHIBIT THE GROWTH(BACTERIOSTATIC) OF ORGANISMS |
| EMPERICAL TREATMENT | TREATING WITHOUT KNOWING DIAGNOSIS OR SPECIFIC PATHOGEN |
| BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS | COVER MULTIPLE SPECIES OF BACTERIA |
| ANTIBIOTICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 1ST | BLOCK PROTEIN FORMATION: MACROLIDES, TETRACYCLINES, AMINOGLYOCOSIDES |
| ANTIBIOTICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 2ND | INHIBIT CELL WALL FORMATION: PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS |
| ANTIBIOTICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 3RD | INTERFERE WITH DNA FORMATION: NALIDIXIC ACID, QUINOLONES |
| ANTIBOITICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 4TH | PREVENT FOLIC ACID SYNTHESIS: SULFONAMIDES |
| ANTIBOITICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 5TH | DISRUPTING CELL MEMBRANES: CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES |
| ANTIBOITICS WORK IN SIX WAYS 6TH | DISRUPTING DNA STRUCTURE: METRONIDAZOLE |
| GENERAL RULE WITH ANTIBOITICS | TAKE ON EMPTY STOMACH FOR FASTER ABSORPTION, FINISH ALLL MEDICATION |
| ANTIBIOTICS THAT ABSORB BETTER W/FOOD | NITROFURANTION, CEFUROXIME, ERYTHROMYCIN AND AMOXICILLIAN CLAVULANTE POTASSIUM. (WILL MAKE YOU SICK) |
| PREVENTING FOLIC ACID SYNTHESIS | SULFONAMIDES |
| IMPAIRING CELL WALL FORMATION | PENICILLINS AND CEPHALOSPORINS |
| BLOCKING PROTEIN FORMATION | MACROLIDES, TETRACYCLINES AND AMINOGLYCOSIDES |
| INTERFERING WITH DNA FORMATION | QUINOLONES |
| DISRUPTING CELL MEMBRANES | CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES |
| DISRUPTING DNA STRUCTURE | METRONIDAZOLE |
| UTI'S, MIDDLE EAR INFECTION, ULCERTIVE COLITIS, LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AND PROPHYLAXIS IN PNEUMONIA IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS. THE CHOICE OF DRUG WOULD BE | SULFONAMIDES |
| ARE THE SULFA DRUGS TODAY BETTER THAN THE PAST | YES LESS SIDE EFFECTS |
| COMMON SIDE EFFECT FOR SULFA IS | RASH |
| OTHER SIDE EFFECTS FOR SULFA DRUGS | N/V DRUG FEVER, JAUNDICE BLOOD COMPLICATIONS, KIDNEY DAMAGE, AND STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME |
| IF A RASH OCCURS WHILE TAKING SULFA DRUG WHAT SHOULD PATIENT DO | STOP TAKING IMMEDIATELY |
| WARNING LABLES FOR SULFA DRUGS | AVOID SUN EXPOSURE, TAKE WITH FLUIDS |
| WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF PATIENT DOES NOT INTAKE ADEQUATE AMT OF FLUIDS | SULFONAMIDES CAN CRYSTALLIZE IN THE URINE AND DEPOSIT IN THE KIDNEYS (DRINK AT LEASE 6-8 GLASSES A DAY) |
| PENICILLIN IS MOST ACTIVE AGAINST WHAT | GROWING AND REPRODUCING BACTERIA, GENERALLY G+ AEROBES AND ANAEROBES. |
| PENICILLIN MOST USED OFTEN TO TREAT | STREP THROAT, REPIRATORY INFECTIONS, STD'S(SYPHILIS, GONORRHEA), ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY STREPTOCOCCI, OTITIS MEDIA, PNEUMONIA, MENINGITIS, ABSCESSES, TOOTH AND GUM INFECTIONS |
| 1997 A.D.A. RELEASED NEW PROCEDURES FOR PROPHYLACTIC THERAPY | 2g DOSE AMOXICILLIN BE ADMINISTERED BEFORE DENTAL PROCEDURE. IF ALLERIGIC 600mg CLINDAMCIN OR 500mg AZITHROMYCIN |
| MOST COMMON SIDE EFFECT IN THE PENICILLIN GROUP | DIARRHEA |
| PENICILLINS ALLERGY MAY VERY FROM | ITCHY, VERY RED MILD RASH TO WHEEZING AND ANAPHYLAXIS |
| WARNING LABLES | TAKE ON EMPTY STOMACH |
| OTHER PRECAUTIONARIES FOR PENICILLIN | NO FRUIT JUICES OR COLAS, ACIDS COULD DEACTIVE THE DRUG |
| PENICILLIN ALLERGY EFFECTS | 7-10% OF POPULATION |
| PENICILLIN G | INJECTABLE ONLY |
| PENICILLIN V | ORAL FORM DRUG OF CHOICE FOR STREP THROAT |
| AMPICILLIN | ORAL AND INJECTABLE TAKE QID |
| AMOXICILLIN | ORAL TID USED MORE FRENQUENTLY |
| RESISTANT PENICILLINS | DICLOXACILLIN, NAGCILLIN, OXACILLIN |
| EXTENTED-SPECTRUM PENICILLINS | CARBENICILLIN, PIPERACILLIN, TICARCILLIN |
| PENICILLIN COMBINATIONS (MOSTLY USED IN PENICILLIN RESISTANT MICROBES) | AMOXICILLIN/CLAVULANATE, AMPICILLIN/SUBBACTAM, PIPERACILLIN/TAZOBACTAM LAST TWO USED IN HOSP AND NURSING HOMES |
| WARNING FOR PHARM TECH IF PATIENT WITH PENICILLIN ALLERGY WARNING IS PRESCRIBED CEPHALOSPORIN | ALERT PHARMACIST, EVEN IF PRESCRIBER WANTS THE DRUG DISPENSED, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THIS COMMUNICATION BE DOCUMENTED IN CASE THE PERSON FALLS INTO THE 1% WHO DOES HAVE A CROSS REACTION |
| CEPHALOSPORIN MOST COMMONLY USED TO TREAT | ORAL, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, PROPHYLAXIS FOR SURGERIES, UPPER RTI'S AND SINUS INFECTIONS, UTIs MENINGITIS |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 1ST GENERATION DRUGS | CEPHALEXIN, CEFAZOLIN(INJECTION) |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 2ND GENERATION DRUGS | CEFACLOR, CEFOTETAN(INJECTION), CEFUROXIME |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 3RD GENERATION DRUGS | CEFOTAXIME(INJECTION), CEFTAZIDIME(INJECTION), CEFTRIAXONE(INJECTION)LAST ONE IS ADMINISTERED WITH LIDOCAINE. IT IS USED IN EMERGENCY RM FOR STDs |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 3RD GENERATION DRUGS | OMNICEF(BRAND NAME) CEFDINIR - ORAL SUSPENSION WITH HIGH SUGAR CONTENT (NO GOOD FOR DIABETICS)NO REFRIDGEATION NEEDED |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 3RD GENERATION DRUGS | SUPRAX(B-NAME) CEFIXIME - ORAL SUSPENSION NO FRIDGE, ONCE DAILY DOSING |
| CEFHALOSPORINS 4TH GENERATION DRUGS | CEFEPIME - INJECTION |
| RELATED DRUGS to CEFHALOSPORINS-NEWER BETA-LACTAM DRUGS (USED IN HOSPITAL) TAKE ON EMPTY STOMACHE | IMIPENEM-CILASTATIN - INJECTION MAY CAUSE SEIZURES, MEROPENEM-ALTERNATIVE TO imipenem-cilastatin, AZTREONAM-INJECTION, LORACARBEF-ORAL SUSPENSION STABLE AT ROOM TEMP TAKE BEFORE MEALS, ERTAPENEM-IV |
| WARNING LABEL FOR CEFHALOSPORINS | REFRIDGERATE |
| TETRACYCLINES WARNINGS | DO NOT TAKE EXPIRED MEDICATION AS IT MAY CAUSE A FATAL RENAL SYNDROME, DO NOT TAKE WITH ANTACIDS, AVOID SUN EXPOSURE, NO DAIRY |
| TETRACYCLINES PRIMARY SIDE EFFECT | GASTRONINTESTINAL UPSET, N/V |
| TETRACYCLINES WARNING | PREGNANT WOMEN OR CHILDREN UNDER 9 SHOULD NOT TAKE TO PREVENT DISCOLORED TEETH OR EFFECTS ON BONE GROWTH |
| TETACYCYLINES COMMONLY USED TO TREAT | ACNE, ANTHRAX, LIME DISEASE, ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER, CHLAMDIA INFECTIONS |
| TETRACYCLINES DRUGS | DOXYCYCLINE, MINOCYCLINE(CAN BE USED IN MENINGITIS)-DON'T WORRY ABOUT FOOD, TETRACYCLINE, DEMECLOCYCLINE |
| RELATED DRUG TO TETRACYCLINE | TIGECYCLINE (NEW CLASS OF DRUGS CALL GYLCYCLINE) USED TO TREAT SKIN AND INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS--INSURANCE WILL ASK IF SKIN INFECTION SEVERE |
| MACROLIDES OVER PENICILLINS | USED WHEN PATIENTS ARE ALLERGIC TO PENICILLINS |
| MACROLIDES GENERICS | AZITHROMYCIN(Z-PAK) ONCE DAILY DOSING-LOADING DOSE 2TABS(500MG)THEN ONE TAB(250MG) FOR 4 DAYS |
| MACROLIDES WARNINGS | TAKE WITH FOOD(WILL MAKE YOU SICK) |
| MACROLIDES GENERICS | CLARITHROMYCIN, DIRITHROMYCIN (ONCE DAILY),ERTHROMYCIN, ERTHROMYCIN ETHLSUCCINATE |
| MACROLIDES USED TO TREAT | CHLAMDIA, STREPTOCOCCUS, H INFLUENZAE, PULMONARY INFECTIONS, LEGIONAIRES DISEASE |
| QUINOLONES TREAT | BONE AND JOINT INFECTIONS, INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA, OPHTHALMIC INFECTIONS(TOPICALLY, SOME STDs UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, UTIs |
| MACROLIDES AND QUINOLONES STD TREATMENT | THAT ALL SEXUAL PARTNERS BE TREATED AT THE SAME TIME AND AVOID SEXUAL CONTACT FOR 3-4 DAYS |
| QUINOLONES OR FLUORQUINOLONES ARE | STRONGEST FAMILY OF ANTIBIOTICS |
| QUINOLONES WARNING LABELS | AVOID SUN EXPOSURE, DO NOT TAKE WITH ANTACIDS, TAKE WITH FLUIDS, MAY CAUSE THEOPHYLLINE TOXICITY,NOT RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN OR PREGNANT WOMEN |
| QUINOLONES GENERICS | CIPROFLOXACIN(1ST OUT)PO, CILOXAN-OPHTHALMIC, CIPRODEX-OTIC W/DEXAMETHASONE, LEVOFLOXACIN-PO(MEDICARE WON'T COVER THIS DRUG),OFLOXACIN-OPHTHALMIC, FLOXIN-OTIC SINGLES |
| QUINOLONES GENERICS | MOXIFLOXACIN-OPHTHALMIC, GATIFLOXACIN-OPHTHALMIC, NORFLOXACIN |
| QUINOLONES SIDE EFFECTS | GASTRO, N/V, JOINT SWELLING, DIZZINESS, UNPLEASANT TASTE |
| STREPTOGRAMINS (WHAT ARE) | NEW CLASS OF ANTIBIOTICS, ALTERNATIVE TO VANCOMYCIN |
| STREPTOGRAMINS GRANTED ACCELERATED APPROVAL FROM FDA BECAUSE | OF THEIR ABILITY TO TREAT LIFE THREATING CONDITION. |
| STREPTOGRAMINS SIDE EFFECTS | GASTRO, N/V, JOINT SWELLING, DIZZINESS |
| STREPTOGRAMINS GENERICS | QUINUPRISTIN/DALFOPRISTIN-IV LINES MUST BE FLUSHED W/D5W,CYTOCHROME P450 INHIBITOR(DRUG INACTIVE IN THE LIVER)refridge also alterntive to vancomycin |
| STEPTPGRAMINS WARNING LABEL | REFRIDGRATE |
| AMINOGLYCOSIDES MOST COMMONLY USED FOR | SEPSIS, LIFE THREATENING INFECTIONS |
| AMINOGLYCOSIDE MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS | NEPHROTOXICITY(KIDNEY), OTOTOXICITY(ORGANS OF HEARING), NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE CAN BE A PROBLEM, SO TOXIC |
| AMINOGLYCOSIDES EVIDENCE ON DOSES | DOES ONCE OF DAY(INSTEAD OF 2OR3)REDUCES THE CHANCE OF TOXICITY, CHECK TROUGH LEVELS BEFORE NEXT DOSE MAKE SURE ELIMINATING QUICKLY ENOUGH |
| AMINOGLYCOSIDES DRUGS | TOBRAMYCIN-INJECTION, STREPTOMYCIN-IV, GENTAMICIN, NEOMYCIN-TOPICAL, ORAL LIQUID, AMIKACIN-IV |
| CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES COMMON USE | COMPLICATED SKIN INFECTIONS, LIFE THREATENING W/MRSA OR SUPERBUG AND DIALAYSIS PATIENTS |
| CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES SIDE EFFECTS | HYPOTENSION, NAUSEA, DIARRHEA, PHLEBITIS AND RASH |
| CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES WARNINGS | DO NOT TAKE WITH STATINS, FLUSH IV LINES |
| CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES DRUGS | DAPTOMYCIN |
| CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDES IV MIXING | CAN TAKE UP TO 30 MIN FOR DRUG TO DISSOLVE BEFORE IN CAN BE MIXED AS AN IV |
| VANCOMYCIN USED | MRSA,VRSA, CE DIFF |
| VANCOMYCIN OVERSUED | BACTERIAL RESISTANCE IS INCREATING, ALSO OTOTOXIC AND NEPHROTIC |
| RULES FOR INFUSING VANCOMYCIN | INFUSE WITH AT LEASE 250ml AND NO MORE THAN 1g PER HOUR, BETTER TO MIX WITH MORE FLUID, VERY SLOWLY(TO FAST REDMAN SYNDROME) |
| CLINDAMYCIN COMMONLY USED | ALTERNATIVE TO PENICILLIN IN DENTAL PROPHYLAXIS, TOPICALLY FOR ACNE |
| CLINDAMYCIN WARNING | IF PATIENT DEVELOPS DIARRHEA, DISCONTINUE MAY CAUSE CE DIFF |
| METRONIDAZOLE(FLAGYL) PRIMARILY USED TO TREAT | H PYLORI, (THE BACTERIA IMPLACATED IN PEPTIC ULCERS AND C DIFF |
| METRONIDAZOLE WARNING | DO NOT TAKE WITH ALCOHOL, MAY CAUSE METALLIC TASTE, MAY CAUSE DIAHHREA, NAUSA TAKE WITH FOOD IF NECESSARY |
| METRONIDAZOLE AND ALCOHOL WARNING LABEL | ALCOHOL INTERACTS IN THE SAME WAY AS ANTABUSE, PATIENT REACTION N/V, BLOOD VESSELS DILATE CAUSING A FLUSHED REACTION AND HEADACHE(HA) |
| METROGEL (VAGINAL AND TOPICAL GELS) USED | STDs, MUST TREAT SEXUAL PARTNERS OR CYCLE CONTINUES, ALSO USED FOR ROSACEA |
| PENTAMIDINE (MISCELLANEOUS ANTIBIOTIC) USED FOR | P. CARINII INFECTION SEEN IN HIV PATIENTS-IM ONCE DAILY OR INHALATION ONCE EVERY 4 WEEKS |
| PENTAMIDINE (MISC ANTIBIOTIC) WARNING | MAY DEVELOP SUDDEN HYPOTENSION, HAVE EMERGENCY DRUG ON HAND(EPINEPHRINE)ALSO MAY CAUSE WHEEZING OR COUGHING WHEN INHALED(BREATHING TREATMENT) |
| LINEZOLID (MISC ANTIBIOTIC) NEW CLASS CALLED OXAZOLIDINONES USED TO TREAT | MRSA, VRE - USED IN IV LINE ALONE AND KEEP OUT OF LIGHT----VERY EXPENSIVE |
| DROTRECOGIN ALFA (MISC DRUGS) NOT ANTIBIOTIC - USED FOR | SEPSIS - BECAUSE OF IT ANTICOAGULANT PROPERTIES, |
Created by:
jddmmin7
Popular Pharmacology sets