Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
cardiovascular&circu
26.1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| composed of four chambers: | two upper and two lower |
| anatomy of the heart : | Atria, venticles, and septum |
| top two chambers | atria |
| bottom two chamber | ventricles |
| divides heart into right and left sides | septum |
| Valaves of the heart: | tricuspid, pulmonary,mitral/bicuspid, aortic |
| located between the right atrium and the right ventricle | tricuspid valve |
| located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery | Pulmonary valve |
| located between the left atrium and the left ventricle | mitral/bicuspid valve |
| located between the left ventricle and the aorta | aortic |
| layers of the heart: | pericardium, endocardium, myocardium |
| fliud-filled sac that surronds and protect the heart, permits freee movement of the heart during contraction | pericardium |
| innermost wall layer; covers the inside surface of the heart | endocardium |
| surronds heart and causes chamber contractions | myocardium |
| function of the heart: | provides oxygenated blood throughout the body by a pumping mechanism; pxygenated blood deposits materials necessary for growth and nourishment; recieves from tissues the waste produts resulting from metabolism. |
| sustained elevation of systemic arterial blood presure | Hypertension |
| sympotoms for hypertension: | severe headache; chest pain; irregular heartbeat; fatigue |
| pharmaceutical treatment includes diuretics, vasodilators, ace inhibitors, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers | hypertension |
| congestive heart failure | heart pumps out less blood than it recieves; results in weakened and enlarged heart |
| symptoms of CHF: | upright posture or leaning forward; anxiety and restlessness; cyanotic and clammy skin; persistant cough; rapid breathing; fast heart rate; and edema of the lower limbs |
| pharmaceutical treatment includes cardiac glycosides, diureticd, vasodilators, ace inhibitors, beta-blockers, and phosphodieterase inhibitors | CHF |
| Coronary Artery Disease CAD occurs when,, | there is insuficient blood flow to the heart |
| CAD can lead to: | Angaina; heart attack; arrythmias; stroke; pulmonary embolism; heart failure |
| pharmaceutical treatment includes platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoaglants, tissue plasminogen activatios; and thrombin inhibitors | CAD |
| restore normal rhythm patterns but do not cure the cause of the irregular heartbeat | antiarrthythmic |
| used to increase the force of myocardial contraction, withour causing an increase in the consumption of oxygen | cardiac glycosides |
| used to elimate excess sodium and water via the urinary tract | diuretics |
| allow more blood to exit the heart, preventing or mitigating congestion; lower blood preassure | vasoldialtors |
| lower high blood pressure; thought to reshape the heart; prevent the body from producing natural vasodilators | ACE inhibitors |
| similar to ACE inhibitors; block the bodys natural vasodilatros | Angiotensin II receptors blockers |
| used to block cells from recieving natural vasoconstrictors | beta-adrenergic blockers |
| interfere with the manufacture of vasoconstrictors at nerve endings | antidrehergic agents |
| reduce the ability of the blood to coaglate | platelet aggregation inhibitors |
| prevent clots from forming or excisting clots from getting bigger | anticoaglants |
| break down clots by reversing the clotting order and interfering with the synthesis of various clotting factors | tissue plasminogen activators |
| inactive bound thrombin by binding to the enzyme and blocking its interaction with its substrates of fibrin | thrombin inhibitors |
| help prevent the progression of coronary artery disease by lowering plasme lipid levels | antihyperlipidemics |
| anticoaglants do: | not thin out the blood; prevent clots from forming; prevent exsisting clots from getting bigger; cannot dissolve essxisting clots |
| oral DOC as an anticoaglant | Warfarin |
| works by preventing the synthesis of clotting factors II,VII, IX and X | Warfarin |
| used n the long-term prevention or managment of venous thromboembolic disorders Warfarin: | Deep vein thrombosis; pulmonary embolism; and clotting associated with atrial fibrillation and prosthetic heart valves |
| ____ may be used as an antidote when too much warfarin has been given | Vitamin K |
| Parenetally administrated DOC | Heparin |
| works by inactivating clotting factors IX,X,XI, and XII | Heparin |
| Heparin used prophylactically to : | prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis; Prevent and treat pulmonary embolism; treat thrombophlebbitis; prevent clotting during cardiac and vasculr surgery |
| the only antidote for heperain overdose is | protamine sulfate |
| high density lipoprotiend or "good" cholsteral | HDL |
| low density lipoprotiend or "bad" cholesterol | LDL |
| a form of energy stored in adipose and muscle tissues | triglycerides |
| often measuerd to depict fat ingestion and metabolism; and can be used to access CAD risk factors | triglycerides |
Created by:
kaisudd
Popular Pharmacology sets