Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacology NS Chem
Exam 4 ANS Chemotherapy Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do you calculate amount of drug over time | amount of drug/infusion time |
| Two step method Continuous IV administration | calculate the amount of fluid/hours to administer=ml/hr ml per hour X gtt/ml/60 minutes |
| How do you calculate rate of flow in continuous IV administration | amount of fluid X gtt/ml/ 60 min you may have to utilize the two step method and calculate amount of fluid/hours to administer |
| How do you calculate time of infusion | D/Time/H X V=ml/hr |
| Andrenergic (Sympathomimeteic) | Acting directly on postsynatic alpha/ beta adrenergic receptors (direct-acting) triggering norepinephrine and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine |
| Andrinergic Alpha and Beta Prototype | epinephrine (Adrenalin) |
| Andrinergic Alpha Prototype | phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) |
| Andrinergic Beta Prototype | albuterol (Proventil) Bronchodialator |
| What do Andrenergic drugs stimulate | Flight or fight response; Cardiac stimulation increaseing HR |
| What are Andrenergic uses? | Emergency drugused in acute treatment of CV, respiratory, and allergic disorders such as anaphylatic shock. Can treat cardia arrest and profound bradycardia |
| What are antiandrenergics? | Andreneric blockers/ sympatholytics |
| What are the actions of antiandrinergics? | Block SNS stimulation of flight or fight response; decreases release of additional norepinephine; Vasodilation which decreases BP, increase GI motility, Decreased HR, Decreased BP, decreased production of aqueous humor; bronchoconstriction; HDL lowered |
| What are some things Antiandrenergics can be used for? | HTN, Angina, MI, HF, Migrane prevention, glaucoma, Cirrhosis |
| What are some side effects of antiandrenergics? | sedation, hypotension, edema, tachycardia, miosis, impaired ejaculation, impotence, CHF, heart block, bradycardia, postural hypotension, fatigue, depression, hypoglycemia, bronchospasm and wheezing |
| Nursing Consideration for Andrengergics? Beta and Alpha Agonists | Assess for allergy, COPD, Cardiovascular status (BP, Pulse) |
| What are some contraindications of Andrenergics? | Angina, Narrow Angle Glaucoma, Dysrhthmias, hypertension, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, 2nd stage of labor ( uterine relaxation will stop labor) |
| Which part of the ANS do cholinergics work with? | Parasympathomimetic (rest and digest) |
| How do Cholinergics work? | inhibit ACh slowing metabolism; increased contraction of bladder muscle; increased Gi motility;miosis, decreased HR peripheral vasodilation, increased secretions, increased muscle strength; increased mental function |
| What are some uses for cholinergics? | urinary retention, GI stasis post op, glaucoma, diagnosis of MG, alzheimers disease;bronchoconstriction |
| What are some side effects of cholinergics? | LOC, dizziness, convulsions, drowsy, increased frequency of urination, abdominal pain, disturbed vision, muscle rigidity in overdose, low BP, low pulse, cardiac arrest, increased saliva and sweating, dyspnea and respiratory failure |
| Nursing considerations for cholinergics? | check for MG(muscle weakness), urinary retention, GI stasis, with alzheimers check memory |
| What are some contraindications of cholinergics? | urinary or GI tract obstruction, peptic ulcer disease, CAD, hyperthyroidism, asthma, pregnancy |
| What are anticholinergics? | PSNS blockers, cholinergic blockers prevents rest and digest |
| What are some of the actions? | CNS stimulation followed by depression; decrease salivary, bronchodilation, mydriasis, increased HR, relaxation of bladder muscle, decreased GI tone, relaxes gall bladder |
| What are some uses of anticholinergics? | parkinson's disease, pre op, colds/seasonal allergies, respiratory conditions, prep for eye exam, heart block, bradyardia, overactive bladder, IBS |
| What are some side effects of cholinergics? | sedation/ amnesia/ skin hot with fever/dry mouth and thick resp. secretions/blurred vision/ tachycardia/urinary retention/constipation/PI |
| What are antiandrenergics called? | beta blockers, alpha blockers, beta andrenergic blockrs, and alpha andrenergic blockers |
| What are some prototypes of antiandrenergics | clonidine (Catapres), prazosin (Minipress), metoprolol(Lopressor), propranolol (inderal), phentolamine (regitine) |
| What are the prototypes for cholinergics? | neostigmine (prostigmin) bethanechol (Urecholine) |
| What are some prototypes of anticholinergics? | Also called cholinergic blockers Iapratopium (atrovent) atropine benztropine (Cogentin) |
| What are the prototypes of cell cycle specific antineoplastics? | antimetabolite: methotrexate (Rheumatrex), cytabine (Cytosar-U), mercaptopurine (Purinethol), Mitotic inhibitors or plant alkaloids vincristine (Oncovin) |
| What are the prototypes for non specific antineoplastics? | alkylating drugs cisplatinum (platinol AQ) cycolphosphamide (Cytoxan) |
| What are the names of antibiotic antitumor drugs | doxorubicin (Adriamycin) |
| Miscellaneous Antineoplastic Agents | apsaraginase (Elspar) hydroxyurea (hydrea) |
| Hormone inhibiting antineoplastic? | tamoxifen (Nolvadex) |
| What is the difference between cell cycle specific and cell cycle non-specific cytotoxic agents? | Cell cycle specific action occurs during a specific cell phase the meds attack. Non specific drugs work during any phase. |
| When are cell non-cycle specific drugs more effective? | With a large tumor b/c there aren't many dividing cells |
| When are cell specific drugs more effective? | with a small tumor because there are a large c/o of cancer cells dividing in multiple phases. |
| What do antimetabolite drugs work? | interfere with the normal production of DNA; antagonize or replace normal metabolites or inhibit essential enzymes needed to form DNA |
| Plant inhibitors? | block mitosis cell cycle specific |
| How do hormone inhibitors work in the treatment of cancer? | not cytotoxic and have much milder adverse effects slows down growth of cancer cell by altering hormonal growth ex: breast cancer; estrogen |
| How do biologic targeted antineoplastic drugs work? | stimulates body own immune system to fight cancer. Enhances surveillance of cancer cells |
| What does pallative mean? | to make the person comfortable and improve quality of life not necessarily a cure |
| Why is a combination of drugs often used to treat cancer? | to make sure you catch cancer cells at the multiple and different phases. It has a higher cancer cell kill rate |
| Why are chemotherapy drugs often given in cycles | you have to give the body some rest because these are toxic on the organs |
| Adverse effects of traditional cytotoxic drugs? | due to lakc of tumor specificity; cytotoxic drugs most active against rapidly dividing cells but do not act specifically against malignant cells thus normal cells are also damaged especially rapidly dividing cells. |
| What is the most life threatening adverse effect of chemotherapy? | hair, GI tract, nails, and bone marrow depression bone depression is the worst |
| How can a nurse help a patient receiving chemotherapy deal with alopecia? | reassure hair growth, wigs false lashes, hats, and scarves; may be a different texture |
| How can a nurse help a patient deal with N/V? | antiametic; figure out best times to eat without nausea, sedatives, rest after meal |
| What is stomtatits? | sores in the inside of the mouth b/c rapid dividing cels in that area |
| What drug is used to decrease hyperuricemia? | xanthine oxidase inhibitor |
| Why is it so important to calculate an exact dose of chemotherapy drugs? | it wil increase the problem if they already have any of the below conditions |
| Why is it so important to be cautious when preparing the chemotherapy drugs? | this can be absorbed through your skin and can be teratogenic and toxic; wear PPE |
Created by:
jshawell
Popular Pharmacology sets