Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BDK Black box/ ON
BDK Black Box Warnings and Other Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| promethazine and codeine (PO)--> Phenergan with Codeine | US Boxed Warning: concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants (including alcohol), may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death Other Notes: opioid-containing cough and cold products no longer indicated for use in patients <18 years of age |
| codeine and guaifenesin (PO)--> Robitussin AC, Cheratussin AC | Other Notes: opioid-containing cough and cold products no longer indicated for use in patients <18 years of age |
| benzonatate (PO-->Tesslon Perles | Other Notes: do not break capsule because it may cause choking |
| hydroxyzine (PO, IV)--> Atarax, Vistaril | Key Side Effects: dizziness, somnolence, xerostomia, blurred vision, QTc prolongation |
| clobetasol (topical)--> Temovate/Clobex triamcinolone (topical)--> Kenalog | Other Notes: do not use for > 2 weeks because it may cause adrenal suppression |
| tamsulosin (PO)--> Flomax | Other Notes: take 30 min after the same meal daily |
| Tolterodine--> Detrol/ Detrol LA | Other Notes: CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
| Finasteride--> Proscar/Propecia Dutasteride--> Avodart | ON: women who are of child-bearing age should not touch |
| Phenazopyridine--> Azo Urinary Pain Releif, Pyridium | Other notes: may change bodily fluids red/orange |
| Solifenacin--> Vesicare | Other Notes: CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
| Oxybutynin--> Ditropan, Ditropan XL | Other Notes: CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
| calcium gluconate (IV) | Other Notes: precipitation occurs with phosphate; do not administer IM; vesicant |
| magnesium sulfate (IV, IM) | Key Side Effect: cardiac arrest (with rapid undiluted IV infusion) Other Notes: dilute before infusion |
| potassium chloride (PO, IV)--> K-Tab, Klor-Con, Micro-K | Key Side Effects (IV): hyperkalemia, cardiac arrest with rapid undiluted infusion Key Side Effects (PO): hyperkalemia, abdominal discomfort/pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting Other Notes: dilute before infusion; do not administer IV push; vesicant; tablets with wax coating may appear in stool |
| ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) (PO) | Key Side Effects: hypervitaminosis D Other Notes: CI with hypercalcemia |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor | US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (CI in pregnancy) |
| Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) | US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (CI in pregnancy) |
| ARB and neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) | US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (CI in pregnancy) |
| Loop diuretic | US Boxed Warnings: fluid and electrolyte loss |
| atenolol (PO)--> Tenormin metoprolol tartrate (PO, IV)--> Lopressor | US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
| metoprolol succinate (PO)--> Toprol-XL nebivolol (PO)--> Bystolic | Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
| carvedilol (PO)--> Coreg, Coreg CR abetalol (PO, IV)--> Trandate | Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
| propranolol (PO)--> Inderal LA, Inderal XL | US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
| clonidine (PO, transdermal)--> PO: Catapres, Transdermal: Catapres-TTS | US Boxed Warnings: avoid epidural use Other Notes: do not discontinue abruptly; taper to reduce rebound HTN |
| norepinephrine (IV)--> Levophed | US Boxed Warning: extravasation (central line administration preferred) |
| dabigatran (PO)--> Pradaxa | US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events. Other Notes: swallow whole; dispense and store in original packaging; discard 4 months after opening |
| apixaban (PO)--> Eliquis rivaroxaban--> Xarelto | US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events |
| warfarin (PO)--> Coumadin, Jantoven | US Boxed Warnings: bleeding risk Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic monitoring recommended with INR) Other Notes: dose dependent tablet colors; uniform vitamin K intake recommended; many drug interactions |
| enoxaparin (SQ)--> Lovenox | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patient undergoing spinal puncture. Other Notes: do not expel air bubble from syringe prior to injection |
| clopidogrel (PO)--> Plavix | US Boxed Warnings: diminished effectiveness in poor metabolizers |
| prasugrel (PO)--> Effient | US Boxed Warnings: bleeding risk Other Notes: CI in patients with history of stroke |
| alteplase (intracatheter, IV)--> Intracatheter: Cathflo, IV: Activase | Other Notes: CI in patients with severe uncontrolled HTN |
| amiodarone (PO, IV)--> Pacerone, Nexterone | US Boxed Warnings: life-threatening arrhythmias, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity Other Notes: many drug interactions |
| digoxin (PO, IV)--> Digitek, Digox, Lanoxin | Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended); signs of toxicity include nausea, vomiting and visual changes; many drug interactions |
| HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (STATINS) | Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding |
| Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) | Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
| Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) | Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
| theophylline (PO)--> Theo-24, Theochron | Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended); may cause seizures and cardiac arrhythmias at high concentrations |
| montelukast (PO)--> Singulair | US Boxed Warning: risk of serious neuropsychiatric effects (i.e., serious behavior and mood-related changes, including suicidal thoughts and actions) |
| amoxicillin and clavulanate (PO)--> Augmentin, Augmentin XR | Other Notes: various ratios of amoxicillin and clavulanate available |
| Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (3) | USBW: may cause serious adverse reactions including tendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects; may exacerbate muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis ON: take oral fluoroquinolones 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral MV, mineral supplements); increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., disorientation and delirium) |
| Tetracycline antibiotic (2) | Other Notes: may cause permanent gray-brown discoloration of teeth and/or enamel hypoplasia when given to children; take oral tetracyclines 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements) |
| fidaxomicin (PO)--> Dificid | Other Notes: do not use for systemic infections (no systemic absorption) |
| clindamycin (PO, IV)--> Cleocin | US Boxed Warnings: Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis |
| sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (PO, IV)--> Bactrim, Bactrim DS | Other Notes: fixed ratio (5:1) of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim; dosing based on trimethoprim component |
| ketoconazole (PO, topical)--> Nizoral | US Boxed Warnings: serious hepatotoxicity, including cases with a fatal outcome or requiring liver transplantation, have occurred; may cause QTc prolongation and drug interactions leading to QTc prolongation |
| betamethasone and clotrimazole (topical)--> Lotrisone | Other Notes: do not use for diaper dermatitis; adrenal suppression with long-term use over large areas of skin |
| hydroxychloroquine (PO)--> Plaquenil | Other Notes: use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, and neuromuscular effects (i.e., myopathy, palsies, and progressive weakness) |
| NSAIDS | US Boxed Warnings: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation US Boxed Warning (only for ketorolac): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis) |
| cyclobenzaprine (PO)--> Flexeril | Other Notes: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI inhibitor therapy |
| carisoprodol (PO)--> Soma | Other Notes: drug abuse potential (carisoprodol only) |
| lidocaine (transdermal *, IV)--> Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine | Key Side Effects (IV): bradycardia Other Notes: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hour period, patch may be cut |
| allopurinol (PO)--> Zyloprim | Other Notes: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations) |
| succinylcholine (IV)--> Anectine | US Boxed Warning: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease |
| metformin (PO)--> Glucophage, Glucophage XR | US Boxed Warnings: lactic acidosis |
| pioglitazone (PO)--> Actos | US Boxed Warnings: may exacerbate congestive heart failure and CI in NYHA Class III and IV |
| liraglutide (SQ)--> Victoza, Saxenda | US Boxed Warnings: may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor |
| Thyroid products: Levothyroxine--> (Synthroid/ Levoxyl Thyroid, dessicated (PO)--> Armour Thyroid | US Boxed Warnings: not intended for use for weight loss Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (therapeutic monitoring is recommended); not all generic products are therapeutically equivalent |
| Contraceptives | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of cardiovascular events in women >35 years old who smoke Other Notes: CI in hepatic dysfunction, thromboembolic disorders, breast cancer, and cardiovascular disease |
| Estrogen derivatives: estrogens, conjugated (equine) (PO, topical)-->Premarin estradiol (transdermal, PO)--> Transdermal: Vivelle Dot, PO: Estrace | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of breast cancer; should not be used for dementia prevention; increased risk of endometrial cancer if not used concomitantly with progestin in women with a uterus; should not be used for prevention of cardiovascular disease Other Notes: CI in hepatic dysfunction, thromboembolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and estrogen-dependent tumor |
| medroxyprogesterone (PO)--> Provera | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of breast cancer; should not be used for dementia prevention; should not be used for prevention of cardiovascular disease Other Notes: CI in thromboembolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, estrogen or progesterone-dependent tumors, undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, hepatic impairment |
| testosterone gel (topical)--> AndroGel, Fortesta, Vogelxo | US Boxed Warnings: secondary exposure may result in virilization (especially in children); CI in males with breast or prostate cancer and pregnant women |
| alendronate (PO)--> Fosamax | Other Notes: CI in patients with abnormalities of the esophagus; administer ≥30 minutes before food or drink (except plain water); remain upright for 30 minutes following dose to reduce esophageal irritation |
| ibandronate (PO, IV)--> Boniva | Other Notes (oral only): CI in patients with abnormalities of the esophagus; administer ≥60 minutes before food or drink (except plain water); remain upright for 60 minutes following dose to reduce esophageal irritation |
| raloxifene (PO)--> Evista | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of thromboembolism; increased risk of death caused by stroke in patients with cardiovascular disease |
| Phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme (PDE5) inhibitors (2) | Other Notes: CI with concomitant use of nitrates (may cause severe hypotension) |
| mirtazapine (PO)--> Remeron | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults |
| bupropion (PO)--> Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin XL | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults; serious neuropsychiatric reactions have occurred Other Notes: use may increase risk of seizures (CI in patients with seizure disorders and/or eating disorders) |
| atomoxetine (PO)--> Strattera | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal ideation in children or adolescents Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly |
| SNRI's and SSRI's | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly |
| trazodone (PO)--> Desyrel | US Boxed Warnings: antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents and young adults |
| vilazodone (PO)--> Viibryd | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults |
| amitriptyline (PO)--> Elavil nortriptyline (PO)--> Pamelor | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly |
| doxepin (PO)--> Silenor | Key Side Effects: somnolence, sedation, nausea Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly |
| CNS Stimulants | US Boxed Warnings: high potential for abuse |
| carbidopa and levodopa (PO)--> Sinemet, Sinemet CR | Key Side Effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, DYSKINESIAS Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI, CI in narrow-angle glaucoma |
| lithium (PO)--> Lithobid | Key Side Effects: tremor, acne, HYPOTHYROIDISM, weight gain, POLYURIA, POLYDIPSIA US Boxed Warnings: ability to promptly monitor levels is necessary Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended) |
| sumatriptan (PO, intranasal, SQ)--> Imitrex | Other Notes: CI in ischemic heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, peripheral vascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension |
| haloperidol (PO, IV, IM)--> Haldol | Key Side Effects: sedation, EPS, PARKINSONISM, xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, QTc prolongation US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
| clozapine (PO)--> Clozaril | US Boxed Warnings: may cause SEVERE NEUTROPENIA; may cause orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, and syncope; may cause seizures; may cause fatal myocarditis and cardiomyopathy; elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death Other Notes: risk of neutropenia requires monitoring of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to receive prescription |
| aripiprazole (PO, IM)--> Abilify quetiapine (PO)--> Seroquel, Seroquel XR | US Boxed Warnings: antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents and young adults; elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
| olanzapine (PO, IM)-->Zyprexa risperidone (PO, IM)--> Risperdal (PO). Risperdal Consta (IM) ziprasidone (PO, IM)--> Geodon | US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
| carbamazepine (PO)--> Tegretol | US Boxed Warnings: risk of serious dermatologic reactions (including SJS and TEN) in patients with certain genetic predisposition; may cause aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis |
| lamotrigine (PO)--> Lamictal | US Boxed Warnings: risk of serious dermatologic reactions, including SJS |
| divalproex (valproic acid derivative) (PO)--> Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakene | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, weight gain, tremor, hair loss, THROMBOCYTOPENIA US Boxed Warnings: may cause fatal hepatic failure; may cause life-threatening pancreatitis; fetal toxicity |
| phenytoin (PO, IV)--> Dilantin | Key Side Effects: somnolence, dizziness, GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA, HIRSUTISM, risk of SJS US Boxed Warning: cardiovascular risk with rapid infusion Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended) |
| Benzodiazepines | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA, withdrawal US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions Other Notes (lorazepam IV only): parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours |
| Hypnotics (2) | US Boxed Warning: serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (i.e., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors Anterograde Amneisa (Zolpidem) |
| dicyclomine (PO)--> Bentyl | Other Notes: Caution in cardiovascular disease, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and hyperthyroidism |
| lubiprostone (PO)--> Amitiza | Other Notes: CI in known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction |
| Corticosteroids (5) | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), CUSHING'S SYNDROME (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use |
| metoclopramide (PO, IV)--> Reglan | US Boxed Warnings: may cause tardive dyskinesia |
| prochlorperazine (PO, PR, IM, IV)--> Compazine | US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of death in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis Other Notes: do not administer IV push |
| promethazine (PO, IM, IV, PR)--> Phenergan | US Boxed Warnings: potential for fatal respiratory depression in patients < 2 years old; injection can cause peripheral extravasation (preferred parenteral route is IM) |
| Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) | Key Side Effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridioides difficile infection |
| Opioid Analgesiscs | USBW:(all opioid analgesics): risk of opioid addiction,abuse,and misuse which can lead to ODand death; serious,life-threatening, or fatal res. depression may occur; accidental ingestion may result in fatal OD; prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzo or CNS depressants (including alcohol), may result in profound sedation, res. depression, coma, and death |
| methadone (PO, IV)--> Dolophine | US Boxed Warnings (only for methadone): QTc interval prolongation and serious arrhythmia (Torsades de Pointes) have occurred during treatment |
| acetaminophen (PO, PR, IV) *--> PO/PR: Tylenol, IV: Ofirmev | US Boxed Warnings: total daily dose from all sources should not exceed maximum daily limit; hepatotoxicity |
| tramadol (PO)--> Ultram, Ultram ER | US Boxed Warnings: serious or fatal respiratory depression may occur Other Notes: lowers seizure threshold |
| naloxone (IV, IM, SQ, intranasal)-->Narcan buprenorphine and naloxone (SL)--> Suboxone | Key Side Effects: headache, opioid withdrawal syndrome in opioid dependent populations, pain, diaphoresis Other Notes: potentially life-threatening respiratory depression (when combined with other CNS and respiratory depressants); addition of naloxone to buprenorphine reduces possibility of parenteral misuse by producing opioid withdrawal symptoms when injected |
| methotrexate (PO)--> Trexall | serious toxic rxns: only use in life-threatening neoplastic disease; severe psoriasis, or severe RA; may cause fata death and/or congenital abnormalities (avoid in pregnancy); severe bone marrow supp. aplastic anemia, and toxicity have been reported with concomitant admin of methotrexate and NSAIDS; hepatoxicity; methotrexate-induced lung disease; acute/chronic interstitial pneumonitis; severe GI toxicity with NSAIDS ON: Folic acid may be taken to reduce hematologic/GI/ hepatic SE |
| anastrozole (PO)--> Arimidex | Other Notes: cardiovascular side effects (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, CAD); fetal toxicity (CI in pregnancy) |
| phentermine (PO)--> Adipex-P | Key Side Effects: hypertension, nausea, dizziness, xerostomia, primary pulmonary hypertension (rare) Other Notes: only approved for short-term use; CI in those with a history of cardiovascular disease or drug abuse, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, or within 14 days of MAOI inhibitor therapy |
| ferrous sulfate (PO) *--> FeroSul, SlowFe | Boxed Warning: Accidental overdose of iron is leading cause of fatal poisoning in children under 6 years old Key Side Effects: nausea, stomach upset, constipation (dose-related), dark and tarry stools |
Created by:
Xander635
Popular Pharmacology sets