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MODULE 13: KEY TERMS
Basic pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Accommodation: | The automatic adjustment of the lens in the eye to improve the clarity during distance changes. |
| Agonist: | Stimulating or increasing the effect of a process; an inducer. |
| Alpha agonists: | Topical medications that increase the excretion of water from the eye to reduce IOP. |
| Antagonist: | Inhibiting or decreasing the effect of a process' an inhibitor. |
| Beta blockers: | Topical medications that inhibit the ciliary epithelium, which is responsible for excreting water near the iris and optic nerve , to reduce IOP. |
| Bioavailability: | Measure of how much a medication actually gets into the blood to be distributed into the body. |
| Bradycardia: | Slow heart rate (usually 60 beats per minute). |
| Cytochrome P450 enzymes: | A large group of enzymes responsible responsible for the metabolism o many medications. |
| Distribution: | Process by which the body moves medication from the bloodstream to tissues or organs to exert its effect. |
| Diuretics | Medications that decrease the amount of water secreted into the eye by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the eye. |
| Drug-disease interactions: | When medications are harmful due to a medical condition. |
| Drug-food interactions: | When medications are affected by a patient's consumption of certain foods or drinks. |
| Drug-to-drug interactions: | When two medications are mixed together to create an effect. |
| Excretion: | The process of expelling waste from the body by urination or defecation. |
| Glaucoma: | A condition in which too much water around the retina and optic nerve increases the IOP. |
| Metabolize: | The breaking down of medications into a from that can be used by the body. |
| Mydriasis: | A condition in which constrictor muscles of the eye relax, so the pupils dilate far vision; farsightedness. |
| Pharmacodynamics: | The study of what medications do to the body. |
| Pharmacokinetics: | The study of what the body does to medications. |
| Pharmacology: | The study of medications (including their: composition, indications, side effects, and how they act in the body). |
| Prostaglandin Analogs: | Topical medications that increase the excretion of water from the eye to reduce IOP. |
| Protein Displacement: | Medications that are bound to plasma proteins are inactive , but they become active if they are displaced. |
| QT Prolongation: | When the heart muscle takes longer to recharge between beats, prolonging the QT interval (time of ventricular activity). |
| Rebound Hypertension: | Rise in blood pressure after withdrawal or lowering of a drug dose (typically a high blood pressure medicine). |
| Rhabdomyolysis: | Death of muscle tissue, releasing muscle fiber contents into the blood. |
| Solubility: | Characteristics that determine whether a medication will be administered orally or by injection. |
| Synergism: | When two medications work together better than if either medication is given separately. |
| Tachyphylaxis: | The tolerance or wearing-off effect of certain medications. |
| Therapeutic index: | Measure of how safe medications are; the higher the therapeutic index, the safer a medication is. |
| Therapeutic window: | The optimal range in which medications are most effective. |
Created by:
tyshawnm_jobcorps
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