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Hemantinic Agents
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA). | blood loss, nutritional causes, menstruation, period of rapid growth & development (pregnancy, infancy) |
| List three Hematinic Agents. | Ferrous sulfate, Ferrous fumarate, Ferrous gluconate |
| What are the expected results of iron therapy? | increased energy and appetite |
| List side effects of iron therapy. | Nausea, constipation, dark black stools, staining of the teeth (w/ liquid formulations), pain & soreness (w/ IV iron), skin staining (with IM) |
| What are the first symptoms of Iron overdose? | N/V, abdominal pain |
| What can happen is iron poisoning goes untreated? | liver failure, then kidney failure, then lung failure, metabolic acidosis, seizures, then DEATH |
| What should iron be taken with? | fruit juice because the vitamin C it contains increases the absorption of iron |
| What should you NOT take iron with? | Antacids, because they decrease the absorption of iron |
| What labs should be monitored for patients on iron therapy? | CBC (RBCs should increase after 1 month) |
| What is the function of vitamin B12? | allows for growth & maturation of cells, responsible for the production of the myelin sheath, and activate folic acid |
| What is the function of folic acid? | stimulates DNA synthesis |
| What is required for the absorption of vitamin B12 (cyancobalamin)? | Intrinsic Factor (IF) |
| What is the function of Intrinsic Factor? | transports vitamin B12 across the ileum membrane |
| What is the primary cause of vitamin B12 deficiency? | malabsorption of vitamin B12 |
| What causes malabsorption of vitamin B12? | loss of parietal cells post-gastrectomy, resection of the bowel, pernicious anemia (caused by IF deficiency) |
| List symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency. | tingling, numbness in extremities, loss of deep tendon reflexes, memory loss, mood changes, psychosis |
| What are causes of folic acid deficiency? | poor nutrition, alcoholism, malabsorption syndrome, drugs that impede folic acid absorption (anticonvulsants) |
| Why are pregnant women, or women trying to become pregnant encouraged to take folic acid? | helps prevent miscarriage and neural tube defects |
Created by:
littlejohnson
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