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CV 2
Generic | Brand | Pharm Category | Indications | Essential Knowledge |
---|---|---|---|---|
Spironolactone (PO) | Aldactone | Potassium-sparing diuretic | HTN, HF, ascites | Key Side Effects: gynecomastia, hyperkalemia |
Bumetanide (PO, IV) | Bumex | Loop diuretic | Volume overload | Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia US Boxed Warnings: fluid and electrolyte loss |
Furosemide (PO, IV) | Lasix | Loop diuretic | Volume overload | Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia US Boxed Warnings: fluid and electrolyte loss |
Torsemide (PO) | Demadex | Loop diuretic | Volume overload | Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia US Boxed Warning: fluid and electrolyte loss |
Atenolol (PO) | Tenormin | Beta1-selective beta blocker | AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | Key Side Effects: bradycardia US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Metoprolol Tartrate (PO, IV) | Lopressor | Beta1-selective beta blocker | AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | Key Side Effects: bradycardia US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Metoprolol Succinate (PO) | Toprol-XL | Beta1-selective beta blocker | HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | Key Side Effects: bradycardia Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Nebivolol (PO) | Bystolic | Beta1-selective beta blocker | HTN | Key Side Effects: bradycardia Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Carvedilol (PO) | Coreg, Coreg CR | Non-selective beta blocker | HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | Key Side Effects: bradycardia Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Labetalol (PO, IV) | Trandate | Non-selective beta blocker | PO: HTN, IV: hypertensive crisis | Key Side Effects: bradycardia Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Propranolol (PO) | Inderal LA, Inderal XL | Non-selective beta blocker | HTN, CAD, Migraine prophylaxis | Key Side Effects: bradycardia US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Clonidine (PO, transdermal) | PO: Catapres, Transdermal: Catapres-TTS | Alpha2 agonist | HTN, ADHD | Key Side Effects: xerostomia, drowsiness US Boxed Warnings: avoid epidural use Other Notes: do not discontinue abruptly; taper to reduce rebound HTN |
Hydralazine (PO, IV) | Apresoline | Direct arterial vasodilator | HTN | Key Side Effects: orthostatic hypotension, drug-induced lupus-like syndrome |
Epinephrine (IV, IM, SQ) | Adrenalin | Beta1, beta2, and alpha1 agonist | Advanced cardiac life support, shock, anaphylaxis, bradycardia | Key Side Effects: tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia, lactic acidosis |
Norepinephrine (IV) | Levophed | Alpha1 agonist (predominantly), beta1 and beta2 agonist | Shock | Key Side Effects: tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia US Boxed Warning: extravasation (central line administration preferred) |