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infectious Disease 4
infectious Diseases 4
Generic | Brand | Pharmacological Category | Common Indicators | Essential Knowledge |
---|---|---|---|---|
terbinafine (PO, topical *) | Lamisil | Allylamine antifungal | Onychomycosis | Key side effects: Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, elevated hepatic transaminases, headache |
Acyclovir | Zovirax | Antiviral | Herpes simplex virus | Key side effects: nausea, increased hepatic transaminases, crystalluria Other notes: vesicant |
valacyclovir (PO) | Valtrex | Antiviral | Herpes simplex virus | Key side effects: nausea, increased hepatic transaminases |
fluconazole (PO, IV) | Diflucan | Azole antifungal | Vulvovaginal candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis | Key side effects: Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, QTc prolongation, elevated hepatic transaminases |
ketoconazole (PO, topical *) | Nizoral | Azole antifungal | Fungal infections | Key side effects: Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, QTc prolongation, elevated hepatic transaminases USBW: serious hepatotoxicity, including cases with a fatal outcome or requiring liver transplantation, have occured; may cause QTc prolongation and Drug interactions leading to QTc prolongation |
oseltamivir (PO) | Tamiflu | Neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral | Influenza | Key side effects: nausea, vomiting, neuropsychiatric events (i.e. confusion, delirium, hallucinations) in pediatric patients (rare) |
nystatin (PO) | ——- | Polyene antifungal | Oropharyngeal candidiasis | Key side effects: no major side effects |
nystatin (topical) | Nystop | Polyene antifungal | Cutaneous and mucocutaneous fungal infections | Key side effects: burning, itching Other notes: only use oral solutions for thrush |
micafungin (IV) | Mycamine | Echinocandin antifungal | Invasive candidiasis | Key side effects: no major side effects |
betamethasone and clotrimazole (topical) | Lotrisone | Glucocorticoid and azole antifungal | Cutaneous fungal infections | Key side effects: Burning, itching, dryness, skin atrophy Other notes: do not use for diaper dermatitis; adrenal suppression with long-term use over large areas of skin |