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Musculoskeletal
Generic | Brand | Category | Indication | Side Effects |
---|---|---|---|---|
tizanidine (PO) | Zanaflex | Alpha2 agonist | Spasticity | drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness |
hydroxychloroquine (PO) | Plaquenil | Aminoquinolone | RA, SLE, malaria | retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea Use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, and neuromuscular effects (i.e., myopathy, palsies, and progressive weakness) |
colchicine (PO) | Colcrys | Antigout agent | Gout | diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis) |
diclofenac (PO) | Voltaren | NSAID | OA, RA, acute pain | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
ibuprofen (PO) * | Motrin, Advil | NSAID | OA, RA, acute pain | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
meloxicam (PO) | Mobic | NSAID | OA, RA, acute pain | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
indomethacin (PO) | Indocin | NSAID | OA, RA, acute pain, gout | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
naproxen (PO) * | Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve | NSAID | OA, RA, acute pain, gout | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
ketorolac (PO, IV) | Toradol | NSAID | Pain | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. BW: CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. SHORT TERM USE.⬇Renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
celecoxib (PO) | Celebrex | NSAID, COX-2 selective | OA, RA, acute pain | diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke; GI events: ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. Reduced renal blood flow + compromised renal function (avoid in pts with renal disease, HF, cirrhosis) |
diclofenac (topical) * | Voltaren Gel | NSAID | OA | pruritus, rash |
cyclobenzaprine (PO) | Flexeril | Skeletal muscle relaxant | Muscle spasm | drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue Other Notes: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI inhibitor therapy |
baclofen (PO) | --- | Skeletal muscle relaxant | Spasticity | drowsiness |
carisoprodol (PO) | Soma | Skeletal muscle relaxant | Muscle spasm | drowsiness. drug abuse potential |
methocarbamol (PO) | Robaxin | Skeletal muscle relaxant | Muscle spasm | drowsiness |
metaxalone (PO) | Skelaxin | Skeletal muscle relaxant | Muscle spasm | drowsiness |
lidocaine (transdermal *, IV) | Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine | Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: antiarrhythmic | Transdermal: pain, IV: ventricular arrhythmias | dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema Key Side Effects: bradycardia Other Notes: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hour period, patch may be cut |
allopurinol (PO) | Zyloprim | Xanthine oxidase Inhibitor | Gout | diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia Other Notes: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations |
succinylcholine (IV) | Anectine | Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent | Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures | hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) US Boxed Warning: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease |