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PHARMACOLOGY

TermDefinition
PHARMOCOLGY The reaction of any substance in our body by a chemical process.
TOXICOLOGY Branch of pharmacology that deals with the undesired effects of a substance/drug.
PHARMACOGENOMICS Deals with how our body responds to a drug based on our genetic makeup.
DRUG Any substance that brings about a biological change by chemical process.
What states are drugs found in? (Physical nature of drugs) Solid, Liquid and gas.
Importance of drugs found in different states. For route of administration
Types of drugs Hormones, Xenobiotics, Poison and Toxins
Drugs synthesized in the body are known as Hormones
Drugs not synthesized in the body are known as Xenobiotics
Difference between toxins and poison Toxins are substances synthesized by plants or animals. Poison is something like inorganic substances like lead, arsenic etc.
How do drugs interact? They interact as activators or inhibitors
What are Poisons? Any drug/substance that causes a harmful effect on the body are known as poison. OR Any drug taken in the wrong dosage can also be poisonous.
Name the physical nature of drugs Size, Shape, Electric charge, Atomic composition, Site of administration to the site of action, Rate of excretion.
True or false Does Ph affect the activity of the drug? Yes, organic drugs are weak acids or bases and the Ph of our body affects the function of the drug.
Importance of drug size Drug size is important because every drug has to be unique in order to interact with its particular receptor.
Range of drug size Drug size ranges about 100MW to 1000 MW.
What should be the minimum size of the drug? Drug size should be a minimum of 100MW units because if it is smaller than this then it can bind to different receptors reducing its selectivity.
What happens if the drug size is 1000MW or above? In cases where the drug size is 100MW and above the drug won't be able to move within the body compartments and has to be given intravenously or intra arterial.
Name the type of drug receptor bonds Covalent, Electrostatic and Hydrophobic.
The strongest and weakest drug receptor bonds are? Which of these two is a irreversible bond. Strongest an irreversible is Covalent and weakest is the Hydrophobic bond.
Define pharmacogenetics Pharmacogenetics deals with the study of genetic influences in response to a drug.
Factors that bring variation in drug responses Age, gender,body mass,disease,diet, comedic action and genes and environmental triggers(like smoking).
PHARMACOECONOMICS Deals with the cost and benefits of drugs
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY Study of drug effects at population level
What are the general principles of pharmacology? 1) All substances under certain circumstances can be toxic. 2) The chemicals present in botanicals like herbs and plant extracts are not different as chemicals in manufactured drugs. 3) Consider the safety and efficiency of the drug.
PHARMACODYNAMICS Action of drug on our body OR Mechanism of Action.
PHARMACOKINETICS Effect of body to the drugs - How our body reacts to the drugs that we take. Absorption,Distribution,Metabolism and Elimination.
AGONIST Activates the receptor to its maximum capacity
ANTAGONIST Prevents the binding of a molecule
PARTIAL AGONIST Activates the receptor to its sub maximal capacity
INVERSE AGONIST
Created by: Ashritha.R
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