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Week 3 114 phm term
114 week 3 termonology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
absorption | processes describing the movement of nutrients, fluids and medications from the GI tract into the bloodstream |
amino acids | molecules that make up proteins |
antacid | drug that neutralizes hydrochloric acid secreted by the stomach |
antidiarrheal | medication that prevents or relieves diarrhea |
carbohydrates | chemical compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
chyme | soupy consistency of food after mixing with stomach acids and digestive enzymes |
colonoscopy | examination of the colon for signs of inflammation and damage |
constipation | abnormally delayed or infrequent passage of dry hardened feces |
Crohns disease | irritable bowel disease that produces inflammation and damage anywhere along the GI tract |
diarrhea | abnormally frequent passafe of loose and watery stool |
digestion | the mechanical, chemical and enzymatic action of breaking food into molecules that can be used in metabolism |
duodenal ulcer | located in the upper portion of the small intestine |
endoscopy | test used to look for ulcers inside of the stomach and small intestine |
excretion | elimination of waste products and other remnants of metabolism |
fistula | ulcer that tunnels from the site of origin to surrounding tissues |
gastroenteritis | infection in the GI tract that can cause post-infection inflammatory bowel syndrome |
gastric ulcer | located in the stomach |
GURD | motility disorder associated with impaired peristalsis that results in the backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus |
hiatal hernia | condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter shifts above the diaphragm |
ingestion | act of taking in food, liquid or other substances |
IBD | chronic disorder of the GI tact characterized by inflammation of the intestine and resulting in abdominal cramping and persistent diarrhea |
IBS | condition that causes abdominal distress and erratic movement of the contents of the large bowel |
laryngopharyngeal reflux | reflux of gastric contents into the larynx and pharynx |
laxative | medication that induces evacuation of the bowel |
lower esophageal sphincter | sphincter seperating the esophagus and the stomach |
peptic ulcer disease | term used to describe ulcers that are located in either the duodenum or stomach |
peristalsis | forceful wave of contractions in the esophagus that moves food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach |
reflux | backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus or laryngopharyngeal region |
toxic megacolon | life threatening condition characterized by a very inflated colon and abdominal distention |
ulcer | open sore in the mucous membranes or mucosal linings of the body |
ulcerative colitis | IBD that produces inflammation, ulcers and damage to the colon |
upper esophageal sphincter | sphincter seperating the pharynx and esophagus |
antisecretory | substance that inhibits secretion of digestiive enzymes, hormones or acid |
cathartic | pharmacological substance that stimulates defecation |
emollient | substance that is soothing to mucous membranes or skin |