Question | Answer |
cyclobenzaprine
a. classification
b. common S/E | a. skeletal muscle relaxants
b. drowsy, dizzy, nausea, tachycardia, constipation. |
what's the antidote for:
a. heparin
b. warfarin
c. acetaminophen
d. digoxin | a. protamine sulfate
b. vitamin k
c. acetylcysteine/Mucomyst
d. digibind or immune fab |
a. normal therapeutic range of digitalis?
b. S/S of toxicity? | a. therapeutic range: 0.5-2.0
b. n/v, anorexia, tachy/bradycardia, headache, visual disturbance, fatigue. |
a. classification of allopurinol?
b. why do you need to increase fluids? | uric acid inhibitors
b. increase fluids to prevent kidney stones. |
a. which diuretic reduces ICP?
b. how is it given? | a. mannitol
b. IV |
a. patient teaching when taking iron (parenteral, oral routes)?
b. how do you prevent staining?
c. stool color?
d. Which vitamin increases iron absorption? | b. parenteral(IM): use z-track to prevent staining of the skin.
oral: use straw to prevent staining of the teeth.
c. green or black.
d. vitamin C. |
guidelines for nitroglycerine administration. | a. take one pill sublingually (under tongue) when chest pain begins. After 5 mins. if pain still present take 2nd pill. if pain still present take 3rd pill after 5 mins( total 15 mins). if pain doesnt diminish, call 911 . don't drive yourself to the ER. |
which food to limit when taking warfarin? why? | green leafy veggies b/c can cause blood to clot (green leafy veggies contains large amount of vitamin k, and vitamin k is the antidote for warfarin) |
opioids
a. indications?
b. contraindications?
c. common S/E? | a.moderate to severe pain
b.bronchial asthma
c. respiratory depression |
Narcan(nalaxone) indication | opioids antagonists
( when respiratory comes back, the pain comes back also). |
what does aldosterone do? | a. excrete potassium
b. reabsorption of sodium and water |
allopurinol
indication | uric acid inhibitors; decrease uric acid production |
a. asprin has what kind of effect?
b. prevents what? | a. anticoagulant effect.
b. MI. |
a. Heparin monitor:
b. warfarin monitor: | a. APTT( activated partial thromboplatin time)
b. PT/INR(prothrombin time/international normalized ratio) |
phenazopyridine ( pyridium)
a. indication
b. effects on urine color? | a. non narcotic analgesic; anesthetic on mucosa of urinary tract.
b. urine may turn red-orange (normal) |
effect of acetaminophen (tylenol) is taken with alcohol? | hepatotoxicity |
protocol when using inhaled steroids and bronchodilator | bronchodilator 1st.
steroid 2nd. |
interventions for UTI? | a. increase fluids intake
b. craneberry/prune juice. |
atropine
a. indication
b. effects on heart rate?
b. effects on heart rate? | a. reduces oral and respiratory secretions to decrease riesk of aspiration
b. |
when giving heparin SUB Q , do you aspirate? why? | You don't aspirate .
The aspirating can irritate the tissue and cause hematoma formation due to the heparin outside the needle.
no, there is no blood supply or nerve endings in fat. |
benadryl
a. indications
b. common S/E | a. allergic Sxs, hypersensitivity Rx ( anaphylaxis and transfusion Rx, antitussive, etc)
b. drowsiness, dry mouth, anorexia, blurred vision, urinary frequency, sedation, disturbed coordination. |
a. what does anticoagulants do?
b. what does thrombolytics do? | a. prevent new clots from forming.
b. dissolve clots. |
drug classification of demerol, vicodin, percocet, fentanyl? | opioids pain relievers |
nursing interventions for constipation | to prevent constipation, include activity, high-fiber/high residue/ high roughage diet, increase fluids stool softeners, ambulation. |
nursing interventions for diarrhea | "BRAT" diet
banana, rice, applesauce/apple , toast. |
colchines
a. indication
b.effects on bone marrow | a. relief of acute attacks of gout, prevention of gout attacks, decrease joint inflammation.
b. bone marrow depression |
what's the common adverse reaction (RX) of MAO inhibitors or tyramine with other drugs on the BP? | increase |
biphosphanates/alendronate(fosomax)
a. indication
b. effects on serum calcium level
c. GI symptoms | a. for osteoporosis
b. Hypocalcemia
c. dyspepsia, increase GI bleed. |
a. What's MRSA?
b. Which antibiotic is the treatment of choice? | a. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium with antibiotic resistance.
b.vancomycin |
29. NSAID’S- INDICATION? EFFECTS ON BLOOD COAGULABILITY? | used for pain associate dwith osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthrits, and other musculoskeletal disorders; mild to moderate pain.
if administered with an anticoagulant ( increase risk of bleeding). |
30. LACTULOSE- INDICATIONS? WHY IS IT USED IN LIVER ENCEPHALOPATHY? | a.laxative for constipation, decreases ammonia as well- causes diarrhea.
b.Encephalopathy – is caused by high amounts of ammonia in the blood |
31. WHY ASPIRIN IS CONTRAINDICATED IN CHILDREN ESPECIALLY THOSE WITH CHICKENPOX? | a. Because linked to Reye’s Syndrome (a life threatening condition characterized by vomiting and lethargy progressing to coma) |
32. DRUG CLASSIFICATION OF IMODIUM AND LOMOTIL? | a. Anti-diarrhea |
33. SPIRONOLACTONE- CLASSIFICATION? WHICH ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE SHOULD YOU MONITOR? | a. Spironolactone (Aldactone)- Potassium sparing diuretic; monitor for Hyperkalemia |
34. COLLAGENASE (SANTYL)- INDICATION? | a.Enzyme Preparations
b.For debriding chronic dermal ulcers and severely burned areas aid in the removal of dead soft tissues by hastening the reduction of proteins into simpler substances. |
COLLAGENASE (SANTYL)
CONTRAINDICATION? | Contraindication - May cause mild, transient pain and possibly numbness and dermatitis. |
35. NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR EDEMA? | a. Elevate legs |
36. How do you perform a neuro-assessment? | loc, orientation, perrla, and handgrips. |
37.another name for Vitamin C | ascorbic acid. |
38. TAGAMET- INDICATION? | a. Acid Reducers (Hisamine H2 Antagonists
b. Used for Gastric /duodenal ulcers, GERD, gastric hypersecretory conditions, GI bleeding, heartburn
c. Adverse reaction – Headache, somnolence, diarrhea
Monitor patient for confusion and dizziness. |
39. LINDANE (KWELL)- INDICATION? CONTRAINDICATION (AGE GROUP)? | a. Used to treat scabies and lice
b. Should not be used on babies, children, older people, people who have rashes, crusty, scabby skin or broken skin |
40. ALBUTEROL- INDICATION? COMMON CNS REACTION? | a. Short Acting beta 2 receptor agonists
b. s/s – Anxiety, restlessness, tachycardia |
41. S/S OF SALICYSM? | a. Dizziness, tinnitus, impaired hearing, nausea, vomiting, flushing, sweating, rapid, deep breathing, tachycardia, diarrhea, mental confusion, |
42. ISONIAZID (INH) - INDICATION? WHICH DRUG SHOULD YOU TAKE WITH IT TO PREVENT PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY? | b. Antitubercular agent
c. S/S – Peripheral Neuropathy, hepatotoxicity
d. Monitor liver function, emphasize that long term therapy is required, and report numbness or tingling of extremities.
take vitamin b6 to prevent peripheral neuropathy. |
what is PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY? | Peripheral neuropathy is damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system, which may be caused either by diseases of or trauma to the nerve or the side-effects of systemic illness. |
43. ALTEPLASE (ACTIVASE)- DRUG CLASSIFICATION? | a.Thrombolytic
b.Used for acute MI, acute ischemic stroke, PE, IV catheter clearance |