Question | Answer |
Flat foot, aka | Pes planus |
Most common birth defect where heel is elevated and foot is turned inward = | Talipes Equinovarus (club foot) |
Club foot, aka | talibes equinovarus |
very high arch, toes in flexion. aka = | Pes Cavus |
Trt for Pes Cavus | Orthotic stretch out |
Type of fx people with pes cavus are prone to = | March fracture |
heel spur pain when walking in morning, Improves as day progresses | plantar fasciitis |
Pain and burning on soles of foot (medial plantar nerve) = | Tarsal tunnel syndrome |
Achilles tendon rupture, aka's : (2) | Thompson's, aka Simmond's trauma |
Foot = Thompson's Test = Explain (for feet!) | Pt. prone; feet hanging off table; Dr. flexes knee to 90 degrees and squeezes calf. If no plantar flexion occurs in foot = Achilles tendon rupture |
Pt. instructed to kneel on a table 18 inches from the floor, bend forward at the trunk and touch the floor. Doctor holds ankles. (The patient refuses to perform) | Burn's Bench test (malingering) |
Pt. supine. Doctor places one hand under each heel and asks pt. to lift affected limb. (The doctor doesn't feel the unaffected side pressing downward.) = | Hoover's sign (malingering) |
pt. is sitting upright on bench and doctor extends their leg under the guise of "checking circulation". Raise one leg at a time, parallel with floor (pt. has no pain when there had been a positive SLR test) | Lasegue's Sitting (malingering) |
Pt. points to area of pain on back and doctor marks it with a pencil. Later in exam, dr. asks patient to point again. (patient points to a different spot) = | Magnusson's (malingering) |
Doc takes resting pulse rate. Dr. then applies pressure over painful site and takes pulse rate again. (an increase of 10 bpm) | Mannkopf's sign (not a malingerer) (less than 10 is malinger) |
4 orthopedic tests for AS = | Chest expansion test; Forrestier's Bowstring sign; Lewin Supine test; Amoss sign |
Chest expansion test = procedure and normal values | tape measure around 4th IC space. Measure on full exhale and full inhale Normal 1.5=3 inch difference |
Positive sign for AS in chest expansion test = | <1.5 in women ; <2 in men |
While standing, the patient performs side bending to both sides. Positive sign is muscle tightening on the concave side | Forrestier's Bowstring sign (sign of AS) |
Patient supine;; Dr. supports legs on the table. Patient is then asked to sit up without using hands. Pt. is unable to perform. = | Lewin Supine test (sign of AS) |
Patient is asked to go from side lying position to seated position. Pt. gets localized thoracolumbar pain and/or lack of ROM. | Amoss sign (indicates AS, IVD syndrome, or severe sprain/strain) |
Dr. applies finger pressure over mastoid process. Pressure increased until patient expresses discomfort. This is used to determine pain threshold of pt. = | Libman's test |