Question | Answer |
amputation | partial or complete removal of limb for variety of reasons, including tumors, gangrene, intractable pain, crushing injury, or infection |
arthrography | X-ray of joint after injection of contrast medium into joint space |
arthroscopic surgery | performing surgical procedure while using arthroscope to view internal structure, such as joint |
arthroscopy | examination of interior of joint by entering joint with arthroscope; |
bone graft | piece of bone taken from patient used to take place of removed bone or bony defect at another site |
deep tendon reflexes | muscle contraction in response to stretch caused by striking muscle tendon with reflex hammer; used to determine if muscles are responding properly |
electromyography | study and record of strength and quality of muscle contractions as result of electrical stimulation |
fixation | procedure to stabilize fractured bone while it heals; external fixation includes casts, splints, and pins inserted through the skin; internal fixation includes pins, plates, rods, screws, and wires that are applied during an open reduction |
muscle biopsy | removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination |
radiography | removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination |
reduction | cting fracture by realigning bone fragments; closed reduction is doing this manipulation without entering body; |
spinal fusion | surgical immobilization of adjacent vertebrae; may be done for several reasons, including correction for herniated disk |
tenodesis | surgical procedure to stabilize joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move joint |
total hip arthroplasty | surgical procedure to stabilize joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move joint |
total knee arthroplasty | surgical procedure to stabilize joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move joint |
traction | applying pulling force on fractured or dislocated limb or vertebral column in order to restore normal alignment |
Corticosteroids | hormone form adrenal cortex—has strong anti-inflammatory properties |
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) | group of drugs that provide mild pain relief and anti-inflammatory properties |