Question | Answer |
Anatomy | Study of the STRUCTURES and the relationships among structures. |
Physiology | Study of the FUNCTIONS of those structures. |
Explain Homeostasis | Homeostasis is an inner stability of the body, even if the environment outside the body changes. |
Stress of Homeostasis | Stress disrupts homeostasis. Stress is the overall disruption that forces the body to make adaptive changes.
Factors causing stress are called stressors. |
Homeostasis Feedback System | Negative Feedback - When the response is opposite to the initiating stimulus.
Positive Feedback - when the response reinforces the initial stimulus. |
Name the different levels of the body organization | Chemical/Molecular Level
Cellular Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level
Organ System Level |
Midsagittal or Median Plane | Divides the body symmetrically into left and right halves |
Parasagittal or Sagittal Plane | Divides body asymmetrically into left and right parts. |
Frontal or Coronal Plane | Divides body asymmetrically into anterior and posterior sections |
Transverse or Horizontal Plane | Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior sections. |
Cranial or Cephalic | Toward the head |
Caudal | Toward the tail |
Superior | Above; to move up on a human |
Inferior | Below; to move down on a human |
Anterior = Ventral | Toward the front |
Posterior = Dorsal | Toward the back |
Medial | Toward the midline |
Lateral | Away from the midline |
Proximal | Nearer to the trunk |
Distal | Farther from the trunk |
Superficial = External | Near the surface; near the skin surface |
Deep = Internal | Farther from the surface |
Planter | Sole of foot |
Dorsal of Foot | Upper surface of foot |
Palmer | Palm of hand |
Dorsal of Hand | Back of hand |
Parietal | Related to body walls |
Visceral | Related to anterior organs |
Supine | To recline on one's back |
Prone | To recline on one's front; to lie on one's stomach |
Ventral (Anterior) Body Cavity | Front aspect of the body and divided into Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity |
4 Types of Tissue | Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous |
11 Organ System Levels | Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
circulatory
Lymphatic & Immune
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive |
Dorsal Body Cavity Contains | Cranial Cavity
Spinal Cavity |
Thoracic Cavity Contains: | Right Pleural Cavity - Right Lung
Left Pleural Cavity - Left Lung
Midiastinum - region between the pleural cavities
Pericardial cavity contains the heart
Aortic Arch
Thoracic Aorta (descending)
Superior Vena Cava
Trachea
Esophagus |
What muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? | Diaphragm |
3 parts of the small intestines | Duodenum - connects stomach to the sm intestines
Jejunum - long middle part of the sm intestines
Ileum - lower part that leads to the lg intestines |
6 parts of the Large Intestines (colon) | Cecum - begining of the lg intestines
Ascending colon
Vermiform appendix
Transverse Colon (goes across)
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon |