| Question | Answer |
| Anatomy | Study of the STRUCTURES and the relationships among structures. |
| Physiology | Study of the FUNCTIONS of those structures. |
| Explain Homeostasis | Homeostasis is an inner stability of the body, even if the environment outside the body changes. |
| Stress of Homeostasis | Stress disrupts homeostasis. Stress is the overall disruption that forces the body to make adaptive changes.
Factors causing stress are called stressors. |
| Homeostasis Feedback System | Negative Feedback - When the response is opposite to the initiating stimulus.
Positive Feedback - when the response reinforces the initial stimulus. |
| Name the different levels of the body organization | Chemical/Molecular Level
Cellular Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level
Organ System Level |
| Midsagittal or Median Plane | Divides the body symmetrically into left and right halves |
| Parasagittal or Sagittal Plane | Divides body asymmetrically into left and right parts. |
| Frontal or Coronal Plane | Divides body asymmetrically into anterior and posterior sections |
| Transverse or Horizontal Plane | Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior sections. |
| Cranial or Cephalic | Toward the head |
| Caudal | Toward the tail |
| Superior | Above; to move up on a human |
| Inferior | Below; to move down on a human |
| Anterior = Ventral | Toward the front |
| Posterior = Dorsal | Toward the back |
| Medial | Toward the midline |
| Lateral | Away from the midline |
| Proximal | Nearer to the trunk |
| Distal | Farther from the trunk |
| Superficial = External | Near the surface; near the skin surface |
| Deep = Internal | Farther from the surface |
| Planter | Sole of foot |
| Dorsal of Foot | Upper surface of foot |
| Palmer | Palm of hand |
| Dorsal of Hand | Back of hand |
| Parietal | Related to body walls |
| Visceral | Related to anterior organs |
| Supine | To recline on one's back |
| Prone | To recline on one's front; to lie on one's stomach |
| Ventral (Anterior) Body Cavity | Front aspect of the body and divided into Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity |
| 4 Types of Tissue | Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous |
| 11 Organ System Levels | Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
circulatory
Lymphatic & Immune
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive |
| Dorsal Body Cavity Contains | Cranial Cavity
Spinal Cavity |
| Thoracic Cavity Contains: | Right Pleural Cavity - Right Lung
Left Pleural Cavity - Left Lung
Midiastinum - region between the pleural cavities
Pericardial cavity contains the heart
Aortic Arch
Thoracic Aorta (descending)
Superior Vena Cava
Trachea
Esophagus |
| What muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? | Diaphragm |
| 3 parts of the small intestines | Duodenum - connects stomach to the sm intestines
Jejunum - long middle part of the sm intestines
Ileum - lower part that leads to the lg intestines |
| 6 parts of the Large Intestines (colon) | Cecum - begining of the lg intestines
Ascending colon
Vermiform appendix
Transverse Colon (goes across)
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon |
