Question | Answer |
Genetic engineering manipulates gene products at the level of:
A.the Protein
B Amino Acid
C. DNA
D. RNA | C. DNA
Biotechnology that manipulates genetic material altering DNA of an organism to supress or enhance the activities of its own genes and/or genes of different species. Organisms that harbor DNA are transgenic and their DNA is recombinant DNA |
A molecule that consists of a piece of DNA from one organism combined with the DNA from member of another species is called:
A. Restricted DNA
B. Recombinant DNA
C. Bioengineered DNA
D. Mutant DNA | B. Recombinant DNA p. 376 |
In 1975, scientists convened in Asilomar California and did what? | Drew up guidelines to regulate recombinant DNA technology p.379 |
Proteins isolated from bacteria that catalyze specific cleavage of DNA are:
A. Restrictive enzymes
B. Bacteriophage enzymes
C. Plasmids | A. RESTRICTION ENZYMES |
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at:
A. The sequence CTGGTC only
B. A site specific for each enzyme
C. Specific short methylated sequences | B. SITE SPECIFIC FOR EACH ENZYME
A natural function of enzymes is to protect bacteria by cutting DNA of infected viruses.-Methyl groups shield DNA from restriction enzymes.-Make sticky ends in DNA by cutting at specific sequences-GAATTC cut between G&A |
A small circular DNA molecule used as a vector to transmit foreign DNA is a:
A. Plasmid
B. Prion
C. Liposome | A. Plasmid p.380 |
Bacteriophages can be used as a vector in recombinant DNA experiments because they: | C. Insert their genetic material into bacteria
Bacteriophages can be vectors. They transport DNA but don't cause disease.....Virus that infect bacteria |
Biotechnology is possible because the genetic code is universal.
True or False | TRUE Creating transgenetic organisms is possible because all life uses the same genetic code. p376 |
The first drug produced using recombinant DNA technology was:
A. insulin
B. Streptokinase
C. TPA
D. EPO | A. insulin Drugs are pure, human versions of protein, HGH, insulin, FSH and clotting factors. First great use-Drug invented was insulin in 1982. Humulin made by E. Coli, interferon B-1b. |
A drug produced using recombinant DNA technology that is used illegally by atletes is:
A. insulin
B. Streptokinase
C. TPA
D. EPO | D. EPO (erythropoietin) |
True or False? Every gene that is sequenced can be patented? | FALSE Because of the flood of applications a DNA sequence alone doesnt get patent protection p 377 |
A multicellular organism that carries a specific genetic change in each cell because of an intervention at the fertilized egg stage is a:
A. Transversion
B. Transisition
C. Transgenic | C. Transgeneic |
Tiny fat bubbles used to deliver genes are:
A. Electropores
B. phosholipids
C. liposomes | C. liposomes p 385 |
Which of these use a tiny needle to inject DNA into cells (microinjection)?
A. Electrophoresis
B. Microinjection
C. Particle bombardment | MICROINJECTION p.386 |
To create a transgenic organism:
A. Introduce foreign DNA into a gamete or fertilized ovum
B. Inject a gene of interest into somatic cells
C. Inject a gene of interest into several somatic cells | A. Introduce foreign DNA into a gamete or fertilized ovum. |
Which of these are used to introduce DNA into animal cells:
A. Liposomes
B. Electroporation
C. Microinjection
D. Particle bombardment
E. All of these | E. ALL OF THESE p. 385-386 lists these |
Which of these would NOT be used to introduce DNA in animal cells?
a. Liposomes
B. Electroporation
C. Microinjection
D. Ti plasmid | D. Ti Plasmid
Ti is a plant vector (tumor inducing) Plants, Ti causes tumor like growths. Ti mixed with bt can produce corn which makes its own pesticide. 2/3 all corn in the USA. |
Transgenic organisms carry the transgene in:
A. Every Cell
B. Gametes only
C. Somatic cells only
D. The cell that originally gets it | A. EVERY CELL |
BIOREMEDIATION USES BACTERIA OR PLANTS TO DETOXIFY POLLUTANT
A. TRUE
B. FALSE | A. TRUE p. 386 |
DNA that is not associated with protein is called:
A. Recombinant DNA
B. Naked DNA
C. CDNA
D. Digested DNA | B. Naked DNA |
The Ti plasmid is used to genetically engineer:
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Plants
D. Animal | Hint- if you see Ti think Plants.
C. PLANTS |
TRANSGENIC PHARMING involves using _______ to produce recombinant proteins in _____ | Cows, Milk p. 385 |
Bt toxin producing plants are resistant to:
A. fungal pathogens
B. Bacterial patholgens
C. Herbicides
D. Insect pests | INSECT PESTS
Potato/Beetles also have a Ti pesticde or insecticide gene. Ti plasmids and bacillus Thuringiensis bt produce corns with pesticides. |
Nonheritable gene therapy is perfprmed on________ cells.
A. Germline
B. Somatic
C. Constitutional | B. SOMATIC
I THINK this is the manipulation of gene expression in cells that will affect the patient but they can't pass it to their children. It can alter DNA of a fertilized egg, It's nonheritable! Corrects only defective/broken cells |
A bone marrow transplant is an example of:
A. Germline (heritable)
B. All heritable gene therapies
C. Somatic gene therapy
D. In Vitro fertilization | SOMATIC GENE THERAPY |
Which is an example of GERMLINE THERAPY? | Transgenic plant or animals aka modified plants and animals!
Introduces genetic change into sperm/fertilized egg. It's heritable, Alters DNA of the fert. egg, Used to pre-treat embryo and used to treat germ cells. |
Which cell type in the human body would not be a direct target for gene therapy? Can you guess why?
A. Liver cells
B. Red Blood Cells
C. skin cells
D Muscle cells | RED BLOOD CELLS- dont have a nucleus so gene therapy probably isn't good. |
Muscle is a good target for gene therapy because: | It is an abundant tissue with a rich blood supply. ( Good site for somatic gene therapy my guess) |