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Genetics Exam5 Ch19

Probable exam questions for Ch 19 Introduction to Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Genetic engineering manipulates gene products at the level of: A.the Protein B Amino Acid C. DNA D. RNA C. DNA Biotechnology that manipulates genetic material altering DNA of an organism to supress or enhance the activities of its own genes and/or genes of different species. Organisms that harbor DNA are transgenic and their DNA is recombinant DNA
A molecule that consists of a piece of DNA from one organism combined with the DNA from member of another species is called: A. Restricted DNA B. Recombinant DNA C. Bioengineered DNA D. Mutant DNA B. Recombinant DNA p. 376
In 1975, scientists convened in Asilomar California and did what? Drew up guidelines to regulate recombinant DNA technology p.379
Proteins isolated from bacteria that catalyze specific cleavage of DNA are: A. Restrictive enzymes B. Bacteriophage enzymes C. Plasmids A. RESTRICTION ENZYMES
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at: A. The sequence CTGGTC only B. A site specific for each enzyme C. Specific short methylated sequences B. SITE SPECIFIC FOR EACH ENZYME A natural function of enzymes is to protect bacteria by cutting DNA of infected viruses.-Methyl groups shield DNA from restriction enzymes.-Make sticky ends in DNA by cutting at specific sequences-GAATTC cut between G&A
A small circular DNA molecule used as a vector to transmit foreign DNA is a: A. Plasmid B. Prion C. Liposome A. Plasmid p.380
Bacteriophages can be used as a vector in recombinant DNA experiments because they: C. Insert their genetic material into bacteria Bacteriophages can be vectors. They transport DNA but don't cause disease.....Virus that infect bacteria
Biotechnology is possible because the genetic code is universal. True or False TRUE Creating transgenetic organisms is possible because all life uses the same genetic code. p376
The first drug produced using recombinant DNA technology was: A. insulin B. Streptokinase C. TPA D. EPO A. insulin Drugs are pure, human versions of protein, HGH, insulin, FSH and clotting factors. First great use-Drug invented was insulin in 1982. Humulin made by E. Coli, interferon B-1b.
A drug produced using recombinant DNA technology that is used illegally by atletes is: A. insulin B. Streptokinase C. TPA D. EPO D. EPO (erythropoietin)
True or False? Every gene that is sequenced can be patented? FALSE Because of the flood of applications a DNA sequence alone doesnt get patent protection p 377
A multicellular organism that carries a specific genetic change in each cell because of an intervention at the fertilized egg stage is a: A. Transversion B. Transisition C. Transgenic C. Transgeneic
Tiny fat bubbles used to deliver genes are: A. Electropores B. phosholipids C. liposomes C. liposomes p 385
Which of these use a tiny needle to inject DNA into cells (microinjection)? A. Electrophoresis B. Microinjection C. Particle bombardment MICROINJECTION p.386
To create a transgenic organism: A. Introduce foreign DNA into a gamete or fertilized ovum B. Inject a gene of interest into somatic cells C. Inject a gene of interest into several somatic cells A. Introduce foreign DNA into a gamete or fertilized ovum.
Which of these are used to introduce DNA into animal cells: A. Liposomes B. Electroporation C. Microinjection D. Particle bombardment E. All of these E. ALL OF THESE p. 385-386 lists these
Which of these would NOT be used to introduce DNA in animal cells? a. Liposomes B. Electroporation C. Microinjection D. Ti plasmid D. Ti Plasmid Ti is a plant vector (tumor inducing) Plants, Ti causes tumor like growths. Ti mixed with bt can produce corn which makes its own pesticide. 2/3 all corn in the USA.
Transgenic organisms carry the transgene in: A. Every Cell B. Gametes only C. Somatic cells only D. The cell that originally gets it A. EVERY CELL
BIOREMEDIATION USES BACTERIA OR PLANTS TO DETOXIFY POLLUTANT A. TRUE B. FALSE A. TRUE p. 386
DNA that is not associated with protein is called: A. Recombinant DNA B. Naked DNA C. CDNA D. Digested DNA B. Naked DNA
The Ti plasmid is used to genetically engineer: A. Bacteria B. Fungi C. Plants D. Animal Hint- if you see Ti think Plants. C. PLANTS
TRANSGENIC PHARMING involves using _______ to produce recombinant proteins in _____ Cows, Milk p. 385
Bt toxin producing plants are resistant to: A. fungal pathogens B. Bacterial patholgens C. Herbicides D. Insect pests INSECT PESTS Potato/Beetles also have a Ti pesticde or insecticide gene. Ti plasmids and bacillus Thuringiensis bt produce corns with pesticides.
Nonheritable gene therapy is perfprmed on________ cells. A. Germline B. Somatic C. Constitutional B. SOMATIC I THINK this is the manipulation of gene expression in cells that will affect the patient but they can't pass it to their children. It can alter DNA of a fertilized egg, It's nonheritable! Corrects only defective/broken cells
A bone marrow transplant is an example of: A. Germline (heritable) B. All heritable gene therapies C. Somatic gene therapy D. In Vitro fertilization SOMATIC GENE THERAPY
Which is an example of GERMLINE THERAPY? Transgenic plant or animals aka modified plants and animals! Introduces genetic change into sperm/fertilized egg. It's heritable, Alters DNA of the fert. egg, Used to pre-treat embryo and used to treat germ cells.
Which cell type in the human body would not be a direct target for gene therapy? Can you guess why? A. Liver cells B. Red Blood Cells C. skin cells D Muscle cells RED BLOOD CELLS- dont have a nucleus so gene therapy probably isn't good.
Muscle is a good target for gene therapy because: It is an abundant tissue with a rich blood supply. ( Good site for somatic gene therapy my guess)
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