What is Deviance? | A relative Violation of norms. |
What is Crime | When one is deviant to norms that have been written into Laws |
What is a stigma? | An involuntary act of being deviant or out of the norms. (deaf brother of a rapist etc.) |
Differential association Theory | Whoever you associate with will determine whether you deviate or conform to norms. |
Inner Controls | Emotions such as fear, or morals that keep you from deviating. |
Outer controls | Outer influences that will stop you when you attempt to deviate. |
Neutralization | Deflecting social norms.
Deviating while still claiming to be neutral. |
Labeling Theory | Focuses on the significance of Reputation |
5 ways to be neutral | 1)Denial of Responsibility
2)Denial of Injury
3)Denial of a victim (rather an enemy)
4)Condemnation of condemners
5)Appeal to higher Loyalties |
3 Ways in which deviance is Funtionalist | 1)Deviance clarifies Moral Boundaries
2)Deviance promotes social unity via unity on punishments
3)Promotes social change for the better |
Four deviant paths for reaching the COMMON GOALS | 1)Innovators (Get to the Top by bad means)
2)ritualism (living the rules but ideals are shattered)
3)retreatism (monestary or drugs…giving up all goals)
4)Rebellion (Give new and better Goals) |
Conflict Theory on Deviance | The powerful enforce their norms via criminal justice system. |
Illegitimate Opportunity theory | Easy access to illegal means of Achieving goals |
5 ways to be neutral | 1)Denial of Responsibility
2)Denial of Injury
3)Denial of a victim (rather an enemy)
4)Condemnation of condemners
5)Appeal to higher Loyalties |
3 Ways in which deviance is Funtionalist | 1)Deviance clarifies Moral Boundaries
2)Deviance promotes social unity via unity on punishments
3)Promotes social change for the better |
Four deviant paths for reaching the COMMON GOALS | 1)Innovators (Get to the Top by bad means)
2)ritualism (living the rules but ideals are shattered)
3)retreatism (monestary or drugs…giving up all goals)
4)Rebellion (Give new and better Goals) |
Conflict Theory on Deviance | The powerful enforce their norms via criminal justice system. |
Illegitimate Opportunity theory | Easy access to illegal means of Achieving goals |
Primary Deviance | Participating in an act of deviance without recieving the label |
Secondary deviance. | Your acts of deviance have gained you an underlying label. |
Capitalist Class | Own one-third of the nations assets
Blue bloods do not mingle with the rest of the World…They simply manage money they already have (old money) |
Upper middle class | Shaped by education.
15 % of population |
Lower middle class | 34% of population.
Have hopes of climbing the social ladder but can also fall. |
Working Class | 16% of Population
Low paying temporary and seasonal jobs.
Not likely to vote |
Underclass | Homeless…some employed some not. |
Wealth | Asset..or what you own (property) |
Income | an inflow of money from a variety of sources |
Three P’s of Social Class | Property, Power, prestige |
Prestige | respect towards those of great achievement |
Power | The ability to control others, even over their objections |
Integenerational Mobility | Change in social status from Generation to Generation |
Endogamy | Practice of marriage within your social class |
Caste System | Social Class is determined by birth (unchangeable) |
Class System | Based on wealth which can be acquired |
Colonialism | More powerful industrialized nations went and colonized others for their natural resources. |
Positional Good | (Obtained to heighten ones social stratification) |
Functionalist view on Stratification | Stratifiaction will always exist and it is therefore good for society to learn how to work with inequality.
-High positions need highly qualified people
-The more stress in these positions the greater the reward. |
Meritocracy | A society that awards based on the merit of your position |
Conflict Theory on stratification | The high payed workers are not HIGHLY QUalified.
They are there and they oppress those who are below them to keep things stratified. |
Class consciousness | An awareness of those who are in your situation (class) |
False class consciousness | Thinking you are in a different class and that you are not exploited |
Feminist perspectives on gender | Biology does not determine DESTINY. Stratification by gender is Wrong |
Theory-The origin of Patriarchy | Men became the active socializers While Women had to nurture Children sheltered up in their home. |
Race | A group structured by biological physical similarities |
Ethnicity | A varying group of people brought together by cultural Characterisitics. |
Genocide | Attempts to destroy a Group of people based on race or ethnicity |
Ethnic Work | People who participate in activities to maintain their cultural roots. |
Popular Transfer
2 types | Indirect: So miserable that you want to leave
Direct: Dominant group forces you to leave. |
Functionalism on Discrimination | It unites groups…(Via hatred of another group) |
Conflict Theory on Discrimination | People are divided by those in power. Via
1)Fear of unemployment (unemployed are a RESERVE LABOR FORCE
2)Split labor market (based on race) |
Symbolic interactionism | How labels affect perception and create prejudice |
/segregation | The separation of a racial or ethnic group. |
Authoritarian Personality | Things are either right or wrong |
Stereotype concept model | Pity, pride, disgust, envy
Warmth and Competence. |
What is a family? | Consists of people who consider themselves related by blood marriage, or adoption. |
What is a Household? | People who occupy the same housing unit. |
Family of Orientation | A family in which one grows up. |
A family of Procreation | A family in which one is conceived. |
Marriage | A groups identified mating groups combined with a WEDDING
to Clarify the change in social status. |
Endogomy | Members must marry within their group |
Exogomy | Members must marry outside their group |
Bilineal System | System of Genealogy via both parents. |
Patrilinial System | System of Genealogy Via the father |
Matrilinial System | System of Genealogy Via the Mother |