Question | Answer |
Decomposer | breakdown dead organisms |
Producers | energy directly from sun, plants, algae |
Consumers | energy indirectly from sun, eat other animals, carnivore |
Chemosynthesis | bacteria use hydrogen sulfide to make energy |
Herbivores | energy from producers |
10% Law | 10% of energy from one level is passed to the next,90% lost as heat and keeps the organism alive |
Fossil Fuels | carbon for living things millions of years ago, coal, oil, natural gas |
Atmosphere | 78% nitrogen |
Pioneer species | lichen, first organism to colonize an area |
Fire | causes trees to release seeds, clears deadwood, encourage new growth |
Succession | new species make environment less fit for old species |
Primary succession | when nothing has lived there before, soil would contain lichens, rocks, dust |
Secondary succession | growth of plants after forest fire |
Carbon cycle | |
Humans | increase carbon dioxide, carbon enters ecosystem through photosynthesis |
Limestone | large carbon reserve |
Respiration | equation, opposite of photosynthesis, oxygen is a reactant, produces energy, glucose and oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy |
Photosynthesis | sunlight made into sugar, equation |
Energy | can be stored in fat and sugar molecules, |
Phosphorus | effected by fertilizer |
Nitrogen cycle | bacteria change nitrogen into a usable form (nitrogen fixing bacteria), effected by fertilizer |
Food Chain | direct line of feeding |
Food web | many feeding relationships in an ecosystem |
Sink | where nutrients are stored |
Legumes | plants with nitrogen fixing bacteria |
Climax community | final stable community |