Question | Answer |
A positive ion | cation |
a bond that consists of a pair of electrons shared between two atoms | covalent |
the OH ion | chemical |
the reaction of an acid and a base to form a salt and water | neutralization |
a reaction that has heat as one of its products | exothermic |
the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur | activation |
the type of covalent bond that forms when there is unequal sharing of the pair of electrons | polar |
a substance that influences the rate of a chemical reaction | catalyst |
the attractive force that an atom of an element has for shared electrons in a molecule | electronegativity |
the process by which the ions of a salt separate as the salt dissolves | dissociation |
a substance that acts as both an acid and a base | amphoteric |
substances whose aqueous solutions are conductors of electricity | electrolytes |
a principle that predicts how a system at equilibrium handles stress | lechatelier |
a negative ion | anion |
a bond that is the attraction between oppositely charged ions | ionic |
a charged atom | ion |
the mathematical process used to determine pH | logarithm |
the energy necessary to remove an electron from an element | ionization |
a hydrogen ion combines with water to form a hydrated hydrogen ion | hydronium |
the type of covalent bond that forms when there is equal sharing of the pair of electrons | nonpolar |
a hydrocarbon that is not aromatic | aliphatic |
an organic group derived from an alkane by the removal of a hydrogen atom | alkyl |
hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond between the carbon atoms | alkyne |
isomers that display cis-trans configuration | geometric |
the structure c=o | carbonyl |
the -SH containing compound, also known as mercaptan | thiol |
the substitution of a halogen group for a hydrogen atom in an organic compound | halogenation |
an organic compound in which the molecule possess one or multiple carbon-carbon bonds | unsaturated |
the intermolecular force acting between molecules that contain hydrogen | hydrogen |
hydrocarbons with only single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms | alkane |
organic compounds composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen | hydrocarbons |
an -OH group bonded to a benzene | phenol |
hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms | alkene |
the conversion of an alkene to an alkane by the addition of hydrogen | hydrogenation |
the members of each class of compounds contain a characteristic atom of group of atoms | functional |
hydrocarbons based on the benzene ring | aromatic |
an organic compound consisting of an -OH gorup bonded to an aliphatic carbon | alcohol |
an organic compound containing only single bonds | saturated |
two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural arrangement of their atoms | isomers |
an organic compound having two hydrocarbon groups attached to an oxygen atom | ether |
an organinc compound that contains the -CHO group | aldehyde |
neutral molecular substance formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an amine | amide |
the aldehyde group is oxidized to an acid by cu2 ions | benedict |
a ring compound in which the atoms in the ring are not all alike | heterocyclic |
the basic hydolysis of an ester used in making soap | saponification |
the ability of silver ions to oxidize aldehydes | tollens |
aldehydes are oxidized to _______ acids | carboxylic |
a salt of a long-carbon-chain carboxylic acid | soap |
glucose is a cyclic ________ | hemiacetal |
the process of the formation of an ester | esterification |
a basic compound derived from plants that shows physiological activity | alkaloid |
an organic compound derived from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol | ester |
the name of the -NH2 substituent group | amino |
compounds derived from the addition of alcohol to an aldehyde | acetals |
aldehydes and ketones are easily reduced to _______ | alcohols |
an organic compound that contains a carbonyl group between two other carbon groups | ketone |
a substituted ammonia molecule with basic properties | amine |
compounds derived from the addition of alcohol to a ketone | ketals |
the -NH4 cation | ammonium |
the functional groups of carboxylic acids -COOH | carboxyl |