Question | Answer |
Articulations | Functional joints between bones. they bind parts of the skeletal system and make possible bone growth. |
Fibrous Joints | Dense connective tissues composd mainly of dense connective tissues. |
Syndesmosis (fibrous) | Bones bound by long fibers of connective tissue that form an interosseous ligament. |
Suture (fibrous) | between flat bones of the skull. |
Gomphosis (fibrous) | joint formed by union of a cone-shaped bony process in a bony socket. |
Cartilaginous Joints | Joints whose bones are connected by hyaline or fibrocartilage. |
Synchondrosis (cartilaginous) | Band of Hyaline cartilage unite the bones. |
Synovial Joints | Comprise most joints of the skeletal system. they allow for free movement are are diathrotic. |
Articular Carilage (Synovial) | Resists wear and minimizes friction when it is compressed as the joint moves. |
Joint Capsule (synovial) | Has two distinct layers that hold together the bones of the synovial joint. |
Ligaments | Bundles of strong, tough collagenous fibers. |
Synovial Membrane | Covers all surfaces within joint capsule, except areas covered by articular cartilage. |
Menisci | Disks of fibrocartilage divided by synovial joints. |
Bursae | Fluid filled sacs associated with certain synovial joints. |
Ball-and-socket Joint | Boen with a globular or slightly egg-shaped head that articualtes with the cup-shaped cavity of another bone. |
Condyloid Joint | Ovoid condyle of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of another bone. |
Gliding Joints | nearly flat or slightly curved. allow sliding or back and fourth motion and twisting movements. |
Hinge Joint | convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another. |
Pivot Joint | Cylindrical surface of one bone rotates Within a ring formed of bone and fibrous tissue of ligament. |
Saddle Joint | Forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both concave and conves regions. |
Flexion | Bending parts at a joint so angle between them decreases and parts come closer together. |
Extension | Straightens joint so angle bewteen increases and they move farther apart. |
Hyperextension | Excess extension of the parts at a joint, beyond anatomical position. |
Dorsiflexion | Bending foot at ankle toward shin. |
Plantar Flexion | Bending foot at ankle otawrd sole. |
Abduction | Moving part away from the midline. |
Adduction | Moving a part toward midline. |
Rotation | Moving part around an axis. |
Circumduction | Moving a part so its end follows a circular path |
Supination | Turning hand so palm is upward or facing facing anteriorly. |
Pronation | Turning hand so the palm is downward or facing posteriorly. |
Eversion | Turning foot so the sole faces laterally. |
Inversion | Turning foot so sole faces medially. |
protraction | Moving a part forward. |
Retraction | Moving a part backward. |
Elevation | Raising a part. |
Depression | Lowering a part. |