Question | Answer |
from Greek words for male & female; denotes integration of both masculine & feminine characteristics | androgynous |
describes how people process information & use it to explain behavior of others & themselves | attribution theory |
communication channel preferred by those who learn by listening; these people more likely to use auditory words; such as, talked, sounded, heard, & said | auditory channel |
feeling of discomfort when evidence is presented that is contrary to what we believe | cognitive dissonance |
used to describe culture that values group membership, group obligations, & group goals more than individual needs | collectivistic |
collectivistic cultures are __ | relationship-oriented |
collectivistic cultures __ empathy, listening, & group friendships | value |
quality of a speaker that inspires the feeling that he/she is believable, ethical, & person in whom listeners can place their confidence | credibility |
3rd stage of listening; listeners think about, evaluate, & judge speaker/message | evaluating stage |
person/object external to listener that triggers idea in listener | external stimulus |
| four listening orientations |
use to describe culture that expects messages to be brief, indirect, & implicit | high context |
in high context cultures, __ takes responsibility for determining __ meaning | listener; speaker’s |
used to describe culture that values individual & individual rights more highly than group identity/rights | individualistic |
individualistic cultures are __ | problem-oriented |
individualistic cultures value autonomy, assertiveness, & __ | competition |
thought generated by listener that triggers additional thought/action | internal stimulus |
2nd stage of listening; listener(s) supply meaning to messages that they have seen, heard, or felt | interpreting stage |
communication channel preferred by those who learn by touching | kinesthetic channel |
kinesthetic channel individuals are more likely to use __ words | touch |
touch, grasp, feel, and run are all __ channel words | kinesthetic |
different frames of reference causing audience members to subconsciously filter/decode what they hear speakers say in a way that may distort or change the speaker’s meaning | listening filters |
three main __ filters are culture, gender, & technology | listening |
different ways in which people listen; might be biological | listening orientations |
people, action, content, & time are all considered | listening orientations/styles |
women tend to show a preference for the __ orientation | people |
men show a preference for the __ orientation | content |
describes culture that expects messages to be clearly spelled out, directly, & explicitly | low context |
in low context culture, it is speaker’s responsibility to make sure __ is provided by the words | meaning |
in low context culture, it is speaker’s responsibility to make sure that the __ is well-organized and structured | message |
monochromic is also known as a(n) __ culture | M-time |
polychromic is also known as a(n) __ culture | P-time |
group views time as scarce resource which must be controlled with scheduling & appointments | monochromic |
group does not recognize concept of “saving time" | polychromic |
polychromic cultures value __ __, so their use of time must be flexible in order to fulfill their obligations to others | harmonious relationships |
5th and final stage of listening; listeners decide what parts of speech to retain & then attempt to store parts in memory | remembering stage |
4th stage of listening; listeners give feedback verbally & nonverbally | responding stage |
1st stage of listening; listeners select or ignore 1/more stimuli from multitude of stimuli that bombard us continually | sensing stage |
communication channel preferred by those who learn by seeing | visual channel |
visual channel people are more likely to use __ words | visual |
looked, looks like, visualize, see, & clear are all considered | visual words |