Question | Answer |
Photosynthesis | The process by which plants and some other organisms capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food. |
Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food. |
Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. |
Pigment | A colored chemical compound that absorbs light. |
Chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria. |
Stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. |
Respiration | The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain. |
Fermentation | The process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen. |
Respiration Equation | C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂0 + ENERGY |
Photosynthesis Equation | 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂0 → (light energy) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ |
What are the two types of fermentation? | Alcoholic and Lactic |
→ | Yielded by (connects raw materials to products) |
Where does the first stage of respiration take place and what happens? | Takes place in cytoplasm of the organism's cell's. Molecules of glucose broken down into smaller molecules (oxygen not involved, small amount of energy released). |
Where does the second stage of respiration take place and what happens? | Takes place in mitochondria. Small glucose molecules broken down into even smaller molecules (requires oxygen and a great deal of energy is released). |
Cell Cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that that cells undergo |
Interphase | The stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs. |
Replication | The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus. |
Mitosis | The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed into each daughter cell. |
Chromosome | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. |
Cytokinesis | The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells. |
Cancer | A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging parts of the body around them. |
Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosome. |
Tumor | A mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably. |
Chemotherapy | The use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer. "Cocktail" |