| Question | Answer |
| Cell Wall | outer layer
rigid, strong, stiff
made of cellulose support (grow tall)
protection
allows H2O, O2, CO2 to pass into and out of cell |
| Cell Membrane | plant - inside cell wall
animal - outer layer; cholesterol
selectively permeable support
protection
controls movement of materials in/out of cell
barrier between cell and its environment
maintains homeostasis |
| Nucleolus | Spherical shape
Visible when cell is not dividing
Contains RNA for protein manufacture |
| Cytoplasm | clear, thick, jellylike material and organelles found inside cell membrane supports /protects cell organelles |
| Endoplasmic
reticulum (E.R.) | network of tubes or membranes
carries materials through cell |
| Ribosomes | small bodies free or attached to E.R. produces proteins |
| Mitochondria | bean-shaped with inner membranes breaks down sugar
molecules into energy |
| Vacuole | fluid-filled sacs
store food, water, waste (plants need to store large amounts of food) |
| Lysosomes | small, round, with a membrane breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules
digests old cell parts |
| Chloroplast | green, oval usually containing chlorophyll (green pigment)
uses energy from sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis) |
| Nucleus | large, oval
controls cell activities |
| Chromosome | carries the genetic material |
| Golgi Apparatus | process and package proteins and lipids |
| Plasma Membrane | encloses their contents and serves as a semi-porous barrier to the outside environment |
| Microtubules | conveyer belts inside the cells
they move vesicles, granules, organelles like mitochondria, and chromosomes via special attachment proteins |
| Plastid | are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell |
| Centriole | organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division
a ring of nine microtubule "triplets" are arranged at right angles to one another |
| Centrosome | serves as the main microtubule organizing center |
| All living this: | Use energy, develop and grow, maintain themselves (body temperature), reproduce, and are a part of evolving populations |
