Question | Answer |
Marine Science
(Oceanography) | Discovering and unifying principles in data obtained from the Ocean and it's associated life forms and bordering lands. |
Earth facts | Covered 71% by water
61% N. Hemisphere
815 S. Hemisphere |
Ocean stats | Average depth 12,451' (3800m)
Max depth 36.000' (11,000m)
Average Temp. 39f (3.9c) |
Ocean | a body of saline water occupying depressions in the Earth's surface |
4 Primary Sub-Divisions of Marine Science (Which are often inter-related) | Geological- Earth's crust
Chemical- Gasses, how solids are dissolved into water.
Physical- Waves, Currents, Climate
Biological- Living marine organisms |
Science | The systmatic process of asking questions about the observable world by gathering and studying information. |
Scientific Method | A) Observation
B) Hypothesis
C) Test
D) Conclusion |
Hypothesis | A speculation proved through controlled experiments. |
Early Marine Science was built out of ______? | Necessity |
Historically speaking, the Eqyptians | And trade vessels on the Nile in 100 BC |
Historically speaking, the Greeks | Had the first ship sail across the Atlantic. 900-700BC
Greeks also discovered North south Currents named (Okeeanos)River. |
Polynesia and China where also players in Sea Voyage | none |
Cartographers | Chart makers, recorded info on locations, landmarks and currents. Most early expeditions had a cartographer aboard |
Maps are to land, as charts are to _____? | Water based info. Currents, reef, coasts. |
When was the Library of Alexandria founded? | 3rd Century B.C. It housed information an all aspects of hunam endeavor. |
Celestial Navigation | Using the stars to navigate. Developed at Alexandria. |
1st to measure the Circumference of the Earth | Eratosthenes and it measured 40,070 km |
Circumference of the Earth was later improved by who? | Ptolemy, and he measured it at 28,800km, much more accurate. |
1st person to chart lines of latitude through landmarks of the time? | Eratosthenes |
The earth was later divided into equal units at 360 degrees. | Hipparchus (165-127 B.C. |
He added North to maps, so people would always know which way was north. | Ptolemy |
Lines of Longitude unlike Latitude? | Are not parallel |
The Prime Meridian is located where? | Greenwich, England |
Degrees for Navigation | 0 north
90 east
270 south
135 south-east
360 west |