| Front |
Back |
| C5
(Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, delt, biceps. Reflexes: Biceps & Brachioradialis |
| C6
(Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Biceps, Supinator, wrist extensors. Reflexes: Biceps, brachioradialis |
| C7
(Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Triceps, wrist flexors Reflexes: Triceps |
| C8
(Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Ulnar deviators, Thumb extensors, Thumb adductors. Reflexes: Triceps |
| L1
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes) | Muscles: None
Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion
Reflexes: None |
| L2
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes) | Muscles: Psoas, hip adductors.
Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion
Reflexes: None |
| L3
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Psoas, Quads.
Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension
Reflexes: Knee jerk sluggish
Findings: PKB positive, pain on full SLR |
| L4
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Tib ant, EH
Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension L4,5 Dorsiflexion (heel walking)
Reflexes: Weak or absent knee jerk
Findings: Limited SLR, Pain w/ neck flexion, limited side flexion |
| L5
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: EH, Peroneals, Glut med, DFs, Hamstring and calf atrophy
Myotome: L4,5 DF. L5 Great toe extension
Reflexes: Achilles.
Findings: SLR limited on one side, painful neck flexion, decreased ankle ROM, Crossed-leg raising pain |
| S1 & S2
(Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Calf and hamstring, Wasting of gluts, peroneals, PFs.
Myotome: S1, PF (toe walking) S2, Great toe flexion
Reflexes: Achilles reflex weak or absent.
Findings: Limited SLR |
| S2 | Same as S1 |
| How do you test CN I? | Identify familiar odors. |
| How do you test CN II? | Visual fields |
| How do you test CN III? | Upward, downward & medial gaze. Reaction to light. |
| How do you test CN IV? | Downward & lateral gaze |
| How do you test CN V? | Corneal reflex, face sensation, separate clenched jaw, jaw jerk |
| How do you test CN VI? | Lateral gaze |
| How do you test CN VII? | Close eyes tight, smile and show teeth, whistle and puff cheeks, Identify sweet/sour |
| How do you test CN VIII? | Hear watch ticking, hearing tests, balance & coordination |
| How do you test CN IX? | Gag reflex, ability to swallow |
| How do you test CN X? | Gag reflex, ability to swallow, say "ahhh" |
| How do you test CN XI? | Resisted shoulder shrug |
| How do you test CN XII? | Tongue protrusion (tongue deviates toward injured side) |
| Posterior cord: | US subscapular, LS, TD, Axillary, Radial |
| Medial cord | MP, Median, Ulnar |
| Lateral cord | LP, MC |
| Upper trank | SC Sublavis, SS suprascapular |
| Roots | DS
LT |
