| Front |
Back |
| What muscles flex the elbow? (3) | Biceps, Brachialis, Brachioradialis |
| What muscles extend the elbow? (2) | Triceps, Anconeus |
| What are the radioulnar supinators? (2) | Biceps, supinator |
| What are the radioulnar pronators? (2) | Pronators teres and quadratus |
| How is ligamentous instability assessed in the elbow? | By using valgus/varus stress tests. Place the elbow in 20-30 degrees of flexion, and apply a varus/valgus stress. Positive test: Increased laxity, apprehension or pain. |
| What is Cozen's Test used for? Describe it. | Indicates lateral epicondylitis. |
| Describe the lateral epicondylitis test. | Extend the third digit against resistance. Positive test: Pain in the lateral epicondyle region, or muscle weakness. |
| Describe the medial epicondylitis test. | Palpate the medial epicondule while passively supinating the forearm, extending the wrist and extending the elbow. Positive test: Pain in medial epicondyle area. |
| What is Mill's test used for? Describe it. | Indicates lateral epicondylitis. Palpate lateral epicondyle and pronate the forearm, flex the wrist and extend the elbow. Positive test: Pain in lateral epicondyle region. |
